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艾玛，搞了好久，求鉴定是这么回事儿吗？
doing 本身既可作名词的后置定语，又可以做状语起伴随或者立即结果的作用。
区别：
n + doing 这个是后置定语。
n, doing 这个要讨论。
首先，我们优先假设认为它是状语，因此要满足：
this sort of modifier should actually satisfy TWO requirements:
1) it should apply most nearly to the subject of the preceding clause (as you've said); and, even more importantly,
2) it should have one of the following RELATIONSHIPS to that clause:
* immediate consequence
* simultaneous, but lower-priority, action
其次，经过判断：
（1）如果满足，则基本可以把结构归为状语。
但是，要注意，如果doing同时也能修饰紧跟的名词（即从语义上或者逻辑上这个是可以说的通的），此时就产生了歧义问题，那么这样还是不行的。
（2）如果不满足，那么，这个结构就是后置定语。修饰的是前面的名词。
eg
og1.The Glass House Mountains in Queensland, Australia,
were sighted in 1770 by the English navigator Captain
James Cook, bv whom thev were named supposedly
because its sheer wet rocks glistened like glass.
(A)by whom they were named supposedly
because its
(B)by whom they were named supposedly and their
(C)naming them supposedly since their
(D)who so named them supposedly because their
(E)who so named it since supposedly their
不选c因为:naming 的逻辑主语不能是mountains.
og47.Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western
Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of
wild birds successfully raised since transplants from
Norway began in 1975.
(A)bringing
(B)and brings
(C)and it brings
(D)and it brought
(E)and brought
选a因为满足逻辑主语正确，同时，是表示伴随的。同时：bringing不能修饰nest，所以无歧义。
og30.For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti
nation in Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden
frames were essential items of military equipment,
a method to protect warriors against enemy arrows
and spears.
(A)a method to protect
(B)as a method protecting
(C)protecting
(D)as a protection of
(E)to protect
shields可以做逻辑主语，但是“shields是equipment”不能伴随protecting，也不能立即结果出protecting，所以这里是用来修饰equipment的。所以选c。
og65. In a plan to stop the erosion of East Coast beaches, the Army Corps of Engineers proposed building parallel to shore a breakwater of rocks that would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer, so that it absorbs the energy of crashing waves and protecting the beaches.
(A) act as a buffer, so that it absorbs
(B) act like a buffer so as to absorb
(C) act as a buffer, absorbing
(D) acting as a buffer, absorbing
(E) acting like a buffer, absorb
摩拳擦掌，这个句子终于出来了。因为absorbing的逻辑主语有问题，不能是人吸收了能量，所以这个部分用作后置定语。所以选择c。
og21。Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
(A) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are
(B) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(C) Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
(E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood
摩拳擦掌，这个句子也终于出来了。
关于d选项，因为drawing的主语是neu们，所以逻辑主语对。同时drawing可以表示立即的结果，收集完了大量知识得出了怎样的结果。成立，但是drawing可以修饰adulthood，（adulthood意思：1. the period of time in your life after your physical growth has stopped and you are fully developed&2. the state (and responsibilities) of a person who has attained maturity。此题可用2解释。）所以有歧义。
此题有争议：很多帖子说，drawing不能表立即结果，因为这不是立即能得出来的。按照这个逻辑drawing就只能表修饰了，那表修饰的话就是adulthood的后置定语，这个是不成立的。
og上对d的解释有半句是：drawing····seems to modify adulthood。
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发表于 2012-7-29 09:59:19
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