109. Legislation in the Canadian province of Ontario requires of both public and private employers that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are usually held by men. (A) that pay be the same for jobs historically held by women as for jobs requiring comparable skill that are (B) that pay for jobs historically held by women should be the same as for a job requiring comparable skills (C) to pay the same in jobs historically held by women as in jobs of comparable skill that are (D) to pay the same regardless of whether a job was historically held by women or is one demanding comparable skills (E) to pay as much for jobs historically held by women as for a job demanding comparable skills Choice A is best. In choice B, should is illogical after requires, or at least unnecessary, and so is better omitted; in choices B and E, job does not agree in number with jobs; and in choices B, D, and E, the wording illogically describes the comparable skills rather than the jobs as being "usually held by men." Choices C, D, and E produce the ungrammatical construction requires of... employers to pay, in which of makes the phrase incorrect. In C, the use of in rather than for is unidiomatic, and jobs of comparable skill confusedly suggests that the jobs rather than the workers possess the skills. In D, the phrase beginning regardless ... is awkward and wordy in addition to being illogical.
181. Because of the enormous research and development expenditures required to survive in the electronics industry, an industry marked by rapid innovation and volatile demand, such firms tend to be very large. (A) to survive (B) of firms to survive (C) for surviving (D) for survival (E) for firms' survival The subject of the main clause (such firms) presumes a prior reference to the firms in question. Furthermore, the logical subject of to survive and the logical complement of required should be made explicit. All three demands are met by B, the best choice. Choices A, C, and D, with no reference to the firms in question, meet none of these demands. In choice E, the illogical and awkward use of a prepositional phrase (for firms' survival) buries the needed initial reference to firms in a possessive modifier.
109和181对require 的解释前后矛盾，不知我是不是看错了，请明示。另外og 181的required of firm to survive如要变成定语从句前面的先行词expenditures放在句中什么位置。
也发现过这个问题。查了一下，感觉require of sb to do sth多用在被动的方式，例如：We should go all that was required of us. 例如181就是过去分词表示被动的意味。而sb/sth require of sb to do sth就是错误的，因为那个OF就是多余。 个人看法。
109.题的require of …that, 此时的require当要求(命令)讲, 要接that表示假设法, 因为不一定合于现实, public and private employers 不一定会按法令做, 而其后原本有should + Verb( that pay should be the same), 但照文法规则, should要省略, 因此剩下 that pay be the same, 而181.题的required of firms to survive 则为事实之陈述, 公司在electronics industry要生存必需要有enormous research and development expenditures, 此乃现象之描述, 唯直说法, 故与109.题有所差别.
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发表于 2003-9-21 09:31:00
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