再次呼唤斑竹，关于Ron关于跳跃修饰的看法和自已疑问

首先看OG106
Marconi's conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation: instead, it is precisely the opposite, a tool for communicating with a large, public audience.

答案为C ： Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for privateconversationthat could substitute for thetelephone; instead, it has become
一个同学问Ron:
for private conversation that could substitute for telephone. Apparently, "that could substitute for telephone" is an attribute clause that modify conversation since almost all attribute clauses always modify the closest noun. For instance, Bears eat berries that are sweet. (berries are sweet not bears). The questions is trying to say the tool substitute for telephone not private conversation.

Ron的回答：
you can string two modifiers along after a noun without a problem.the problem arises when something other than another modifier comes between a modifier and its noun. this is what your example does, but please note that the following sentence is fine:

Bears eat berries from Bavaria that are sweet.
红色句子说在名词后面可以连续接两个修饰它的成分，所以在106题，that后面的成分跳跃修饰了radio。蓝色句子大家是怎么理解的呢？？


然后再看OG118题：
The World Wildlife Fund has declared that global
warming,a phenomenon most scientistsagree to be
caused by human beings in burning fossil fuels, will
create havoc among migratory birds by altering the
environment in ways harmful to their habitats.

(A)a phenomenon most scientists agree to be
caused by human beings in burning fossil fuels,

(B)a phenomenon most scientists agree that is
caused by fossil fuels burned by human beings,

(C)a phenomenon that most scientists agree is
caused by human beings' burning of fossil fuels,

(D)which most scientists agree on as a phenomenon
caused by human beings who burn fossil fuels,

(E)which most scientists agree to be a
phenomenon caused by fossil fuels burned by
human beings,

OA is C.没问题，但是我的问题的B：a phenomenon most scientists agree that is
caused by fossil fuels burned by human beings,
"most scientists agree"这个成分修饰phenomenon。“that is
caused by fossil fuels burned by human beings”不能为做agree的宾语从句，因为逻辑上就说不通，而很显然它也是修饰phenomenon的！那就满足了Ron说的you can string two modifiers along after a noun without a problem条件吗？句子应该没问题呀~然是OG的解释是：That is should immediately follow
phenomenon, not agree.
我就有点想不通了！希望斑竹和大牛们讨论讨论~谢谢啦

For your OG106 question
1. a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone
This is fine. You can think this way - consider "a tool for private conversation" a single noun (actually a noun phrase) with the core noun "tool". Therefore, "that could substitute for the telephone" is a noun modifier that modifies the whole noun phrase "a tool for private conversation". Okay?

from Ron's lecture on March 15, 2012:
In the following construction -
NOUN1 + prep + NOUN2 + , + which...
... the "which" can potentially modify either NOUN1 or NOUN2 (depending on context)
OG12 #26

2. 顺便说下这题为啥选C。请你先问自己，什么和什么形成鲜明对比？
it is precisely the opposite, a tool for communicating with a large, public audience
这是后面非划线部分给我们的提示，"precisely the opposite"
那么就说，前半部分的核心意思，必须与此对立，即"a tool for private conversation".
C选项满足，而A选项不满足，因为A的核心意思是"a substitute for telephone"，然后把"a tool for private conversation"放在了修饰位置。这样就体现不出强对比，很大的逻辑问题。

关于下面那道题，其实就是Ron说的这句话
the problem arises when something other than another modifier comes between a modifier and its noun.

请注意，我上面说你可以consider "a tool for private conversation" a single noun (actually a noun phrase)
那么就说只能是noun+noun modifier，作为一个整体noun phrase
Ron的意思是，只能允许noun modifier，不能换成其他成分。

(B)a phenomenon most scientists agreethat is caused by fossil fuels burned by human beings,
(C)a phenomenon thatmost scientists agree is caused by human beings' burning of fossil fuels,

这里就是，most scientists agree 并不是修饰a phenomenon的noun modifier，而是adverbial modifier，修饰"is caused by ...."
（发现你这里理解错了，请你问自己: What do scientists agree? The phenomenon itself? or what caused the phenomenon?）
所以，不能插在a phenomenon和that中间。
参见这里
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-650631-1-1.html?userid=692707

另外这题B还有一个很大的逻辑问题。caused by WHAT? by the fuel itself? or by the action of burning?

baby!我理解你的意思，但是我还有三个问题.
问题1：但是为什么不可以这样子理解呢？（先不谈最后的逻辑问题，仅仅说这个that的修饰）"a phenomenon (that)most scientists agreethat is caused by fossil fuels burned by human beings"相当于把that省略了，因为在第一个that从句中phenomenon做agree的宾语，然后第二个that也是修饰phenomenon！整句话的意思可以这样说，（大部分科学家认可的）这个现象是（由人类使用化石燃料导致的。）两个都是修饰phenomenon！就像RON说的you can string two modifiers along after a noun without a problem！！
问题2：但是他第二句话就是我画蓝线的话the problem arises when something other than another modifier comes between a modifier and its noun.这句话里的something是指noun modifier对吗？意思是除了noun modifier以外的modifiers夹在noun和另外一个modifer之间都会产生问题对吗？如果是的话，问题1我就知道为什么不行了。
问题3：RON说除了noun modifier以外的modifier都不可以这样修饰，但是OG里不是经常出现介词短语夹在名词和从句之间吗？例如：
1.Of all the  The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an anduvidual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses.vast tides of imgration that have swept through history

我想说的是：应该是只有名词性修饰和介词短语可以夹在noun和从句之间。对么？希望baby帮分析分析！万分感谢

1. 不能这么理解。关键问题就是ls同学说的，"most scientists agree"说的是什么？
这么理解，逻辑填空题如下：
Most scientists agree _____.
你填"phenomenon"，还是填"phenomenon is caused by ...."?
显然填后者，对吧。后者才是科学家达成共识的内容，而非"phenomenon"本身。

你一直理解为"most scientists agree"是noun modifier，修饰phenomenon——这是错误的根源。
"most scientists agree"根本就不是noun modifier，而是修饰后面那个从句的。
所以，就不能插在noun和that中间。（Ron说过，能插在中间的，只能是noun modifier）

换句话说，你单独提拉出来的"phenomenon (that) most scientists agree"，这本身就不make logical sense!

1.Of all the  The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotionalreactionsin an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses.vast tides of immigration that have swept through history

请注意，这句话，that指代"emotionalreactionsin an individual"
emotionalreactionsin an individual整个作为一个noun phrase，核心名词是reactions, in an individual作为noun modifier修饰核心名词reactions
这就符合Ron所说的，只有修饰那个核心名词的noun modifier，才允许插在名词和that之间。

我想说的是：应该是只有名词性修饰和介词短语可以夹在noun和从句之间。对么？
不全对。“介词短语”可以是noun modifier，也可以是adverbial modifier。
举个例子：
I read a book by J.K.Rowling.   这里by J.K.Rowling是noun modifier，修饰book
I read a book by subvocalization.    这里by subvocalization是adverbial modifier，修饰I read a book

在你给的上面那个例子里，in an individual是noun modifier，所以才能插入

恩，困扰了很久的问题终于明白啦~非常感谢！
不过还是有一个小小的疑问，most scientists agree是一个什么样的成分作为adv modifier呢？
会是什么状语从句么？