请教大全254

1.        Dr. Sayre’s lecture recounted several little-known episodes in the relations between nations that illustrates what is wrong with alliances and treaties that do not have popular support.

(A) relations between nations that illustrates

(B) relation of one nation with another that illustrates

(C) relations between nations that illustrate

(D) relation of one nation with another and illustrate（B）

(E) relations of nations that illustrates

本人理解：这里that修饰的中心词个人认为是episodes，而且逻辑上也是episodes illustrate what is wrong with alliances and treaties that do not have popular support. 按这样的理解答案应该是C。整个句子的逻辑是：博士引用了episodes, 这些episodes阐明了为什么没有广大支持的联盟是不对的。但给出的答案是B，那就是that的中心词是relation。这样逻辑上就很难行得通。不知我的理解哪里有误，请大家讨论一下吧。谢谢

估计是想体现定语从句要紧跟所修饰的名词吧。episodes中间插了relations，属于跳跃修饰，一般都不太用。

不同意

这道题目非常好的体现了如何判断代词指代的歧义,以及如何消除歧义

首先, 我们从逻辑意思上很难判断定语从句到底是修饰谁的, 另外一个窍门就是从单复数入手,就是不管逻辑意思如何, 首先保证主谓单复一致性:

A: Dr. Sayre’s lecture recounted several little-known episodes in the relations between nations that illustrates what is wrong with alliances and treaties that do not have popular support.

定从后面的动词是单数, 但是前面的名词都是复数, 所以定从语法上没有指代.

C: 将A的动词单数改为复数, 仍然存在指代的问题, 因为前面是两个复数名词, 所以定从可以修饰episodes 也可以是 relations , 这两者从逻辑意思上来说都说的过去. 虽然定从很少跳跃修饰, 在没有找到更好的选项之前, 但我们不能排除这种可能性.

再来看B, Dr. Sayre’s lecture recounted several little-known episodes in the relation of one nation with another that illustrates what is wrong with alliances and treaties that do not have popular support.

从动词的单复数就很好的解决了定从的指代问题, 所以就代词指代这点是肯定对了, 没有歧义.

另外再看C: 这里又告诉我们一个知识点, between ... and...也会造成歧义:

Dr. Sayre’s lecture recounted several little-known episodes in the relations between
        nations that illustrate what is wrong with alliances and treaties that do not have popular support.

造成的歧义是between and 的对象变化, 原意是想说relations betwen nations.,但是现在语法上来讲, between nations and treaties... 也是说的通的, 所以错误.

这道题目非常好的提醒了我们歧义的两种类型: 代词指代, (我们经常讨论的) , 又指出了另一种歧义, between... and 的歧义

此题我支持B。

B实际上relation (of one nation with another) that illustrates

且纵观所有选项都是如此。relations （between nations） that illustrate

C有问题

刚查了字典，relations [pl.]  (between sb/sth and sb/sth) （人、团体、国家等之间的）关系、交往

就是说relations后必须出现between…and.

而C   relations between nations that illustrate......and treaties that do not 乍看之下很完美的平行。。。但treaties 和alliances是平行的。Treaties后的定从起限制作用。

看了讨论（
        http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=65727&replyID=1254320&skin=1）有人认为treaties 和episodes平行。我认为不对。成分不同且不符合文意。

明白了，确实B更好，谢谢大家，特别是Dingxiang mm，分析得很透彻。还有特别谢谢raiden-lee，我不知道这道题已经有讨论过了。不知道能否在发表问题前先查看该问题是否在论坛里讨论过？如果能查，有人知道怎么查吗？谢谢。

只要在"搜索"里面输入题号就行拉

具体的见置顶帖子

其实我们很多问题前人都已经分析的很多了,而且很多都是大牛级的, 多看看他们的讨论,对自己非常有帮助

mmscute MM怎么被大家给悠回去了呢？呵呵。歧义只有在两者都可能的情况时才有歧义。并不是“只要是复数名词就会造成复数动词修饰上的歧义。”你原本的思路是对的，逻辑上只能是episodes illustrate，所以不会有很多人认为的歧义存在。定语从句修饰短语的中心词是很常见，而且非常正确的。

dingxiang MM提到的between ... and...也会造成歧义来只有在定语从句修饰nations的时候才可能造成这样的歧义，但实际上定语从句不可能修饰nations，所以不会造成between...and...的歧义。

以下是引用raiden_lee在2008-5-27 14:15:00的发言：

此题我支持B。

B实际上relation (of one nation with another) that illustrates

且纵观所有选项都是如此。relations （between nations） that illustrate
   

C有问题
   

刚查了字典，relations [pl.]  (between sb/sth and sb/sth) （人、团体、国家等之间的）关系、交往
   

就是说relations后必须出现between…and.
   

而C   relations between nations that illustrate......and treaties that do not 乍看之下很完美的平行。。。但treaties 和alliances是平行的。Treaties后的定从起限制作用。
    

看了讨论（
  http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=65727&replyID=1254320&skin=1）有人认为treaties 和episodes平行。我认为不对。成分不同且不符合文意。
    

既然LONGMAN都是说RELATION在解释为“official connections between countries, companies, organizations ”时要用复数，那是不是更加证明C的正确性呢？不解！

况且，逻辑上来看，的确是C更合理。不解again！

再来一个OG中经典的定从跳跃修饰的例子：

116.      
Out of America’s fascination with all things antique have grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that are bringing back the chaise lounge, the overstuffed sofa, and the claw-footed bathtub.
  

(A) things antique have grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that are bringing

(B) things antique has grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that is bringing

(C) things that are antiques has grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that bring

(D) antique things have grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that are bringing  (B)

(E) antique things has grown a market for bygone styles of furniture and fixtures that bring

以上的例子其实通过单复数形式把修饰关系表现的很清楚，大全这道题其实B和C都有让人不舒服的地方。

以上的例子其实通过单复数形式把修饰关系表现的很清楚，大全这道题其实B和C都有让人不舒服的地方。