一道prep语法题~SOS

 A one-million-year-old skull bearing traits associated both with Homo erectus and, in addition, Homo sapiens has been found in the Afar region of Eritrea, and indicates that modern humans developed much earlier than previously thought.

A.      both with Homo erectus and, in addition, Homo sapiens has been found in the Afar region of Eritrea, and indicates

B.      both with Homo erectus and Homo sapiens have been found in the Afar region of Eritrea, which indicates

C.      with both Homo erectus and Homo sapiens has been found in the Afar region of Eritrea, indicating

D.     with both Homo erectus and Homo sapiens and found in the Afar region of Eritrea, indicating

E.      with both Homo erectus and Homo sapiens have been found in the Afar region of Eritrea, which indicates

答案是C.

疑问：D中associated with 和found in 为啥看做平行不行咧？ 是因为associated with是过去分词做非谓语不能和found谓语平行吗？如果是就特别想知道，GMAT中如何区分过去分词和过去式的。

问题可能很傻，但真的不懂，很想请教高手的解答。

associated with 是做traits的定语. has been found 是句子的谓语.

句子可缩写为: A skull has been found ...., indicating

那D中理解成associated with 和found in 同时作谓语为啥不行呢？

主语：traits，  associated with both Homo erectus and Homo sapiens是过去式修饰主语的，has been found 是谓语。不存在平行结构.

你说的在gmat中过去分词和过去式的区别，我也不知道该如何回答

一定要忠实原文后后再做correct

主语应该是skull了。我想问D中理解成平行为啥不行呢？

逻辑意义:

理解成平行就会改变句子的重心和意思

原文要表达的意思: 一个100年历史的且和Homo erectus Homo sapiens 有关系的头骨被发现( 翻译的很烂,抱歉)

句子的重心为 头骨被发现

但是D的意思是: 一个头骨 和什么什么有关系,并且被发现...(比原句多了一层和什么什么有关系的重心)

语法意义:

如果按LZ理解的D为associated和found的平行

D 中的主语为skull ,谓语为associated and found, 但是头骨自己不能found 和associate,只能被found 和被associated，因此此处需要被动语态表达，但是D中缺乏被动语态构成的助动词be，造成全句没有谓语动词

过去式和过去分词gmat没有作特别的要求，应该是和所有语法考试一样的，建议lz买本语法书参考下

感谢楼上每位耐心的讲解！！！明白了

同问