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学习 老G:179 人类真正希望获取的不是知识,而是确定性。获取真正的知识需要冒险,并且要有开放的心灵,但是大多数人更喜欢确定感,而不是去了解事物复杂的,甚至是使人不安的真相。 What most human beings really want to attain is not knowledge, but certainty. Gaining real knowledge requires taking risks and keeping the mind open—but most people prefer to be reassured rather than to learn the complex and often unsettling truth about anything.
新G:131 Claim: Researchers should not limit their investigations to only those areas in which they expect to discover something that has an immediate, practical application. Reason: It is impossible to predict the outcome of a line of research with any certainty.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based.
作者 观点:研究领域不能仅仅集中在追求速成、即时应用的领域中。 原因:无法肯定预测一系列实验的结果如何。 作者思路的逻辑: 当可以确保实验成果准确无误时,研究领域就应该集中在一些速成、有实效的领域当中;反之,如果不能实验结果存在不确定性,那么就不应该仅仅局限在这种单一研究领域当中——毕竟实验结果会由于存在的风险而使追求实效、快速的研究失去其意义。
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 对于原文的这套思路不是很能理解内在的联系,certainty与研究领域之间是怎样具体建立联系的没有想好,提纲也迟迟没有做出来,希望各位神通广大的G友分享一些关于这个题目的提纲!感激不尽!
老G179 提纲: 179 同意人们知识想获得certainty不是knowledge,但也有努力获取知识
1、日常生活中人们只想获得确定性,不究其原因 非专家,没有必要知道原因Foe example, nowadays almost everyone knowhow to use computer and surf the Internet, but there are relatively less peoplewho can clearly speak out the working principles of the CPU and much lesspeople can compile computer programme by themselves. As far as the commonpeople are concerned, knowing some basis knowledge are enough and there is noneed to go further in the road of exploiting the real knowledge, which is thetask of the specialists and scientists. 2、在工作中,人们倾向于知道事情的结果,不关心过程 教师只希望知道学生掌握了知识,不关心他们是如何掌握的,学习心理过程 统计分析时,只希望知道分析结果,不关心复杂的计算过程 3、获得真知需要taking risks and keepingmind open, 也有人努力在这么做 at that time, the helix stuture of protein had beenproved and many scientists thought that the structure of DNA had no possibilityto have the same structure with protein. With an open mind and the courage of taking risks, Watsonand Click discovered the double-helix structure of DNA, which was thought to bean impossible job by the conventional scientists. 179T "What most human beings reallywant to attain is not knowledge, but certainty. Gaining real knowledge requirestaking risks and keeping the mind open -- but most people prefer to bereassured rather than to learn the complex and often unsettling truth about anything." 179.人类真正希望获取的不是知识,而是确定性。获取真正的知识需要冒险,并且要有开放的心灵,但是大多数人更喜欢确定感,而不是去了解事物复杂的,甚至是使人不安的真相。 承认大多数人都是风险规避者。在日常生活中,人们是假定未来是有一定的确定性的。比如不敢想象如果明天就是世界末日,人们会如何反应。但是现实生活中,总会有出人意料的时候。如:tsunami如:购买保险等行为,就是对未来不确定性的一种转移。 学习知识确实可以是不确定性减少,因为人们可以因此加强对未来的预测能力。从这个角度说,人们学习知识确实是希望获取确定性。比如:人们通过对solareclipse 的研究,减少了心理的恐慌。 学习知识的唯一目的决不是为了减少不确定性。它源于人类本身的一种好奇心,最终目的是开化人们的心灵。否则,世界上那么多为科学献身的人们,不可能只是为了减少不确定性吧。 |
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