一个美国gre牛人对阅读36套：17套7题和35套7解析-感觉很清晰

Theessential condition for the decay of the vacuum is the presence of an intenseelectric field. As a result of thedecay of the vacuum, the space permeated bysuch a field can be said to acquire an electric charge, and it can be called acharged vacuum. The particles that materialize in the space make the chargemanifest. An electric field of sufficient intensity to create a charged vacuumis likely to be found in only one place: in the immediate vicinity of a superheavyatomic nucleus, one with about twice as many protons as the heaviest naturalnuclei known. A nucleus that large cannot be stable, but it might be possibleto assemble one next to a vacuum for long enough to observe the decay of thevacuum. The author ‘ s assertions concerning the conditions that lead to thedecay of the vacuum would bemost weakened if which of the following occurred? (A)Scientists created an electric field next to a vacuum, but found that theelectric field was not intense enough to create a charged vacuum.

(B)Scientists assembled a superheavy atomic

nucleus nextto a vacuum, but found that no

virtualparticles were created in the vacuum‘ s

region ofspace.

(C)Scientists assembled a superheavy atomic

nucleus nextto a vacuum, but found that

they couldnot then detect any real particles

in thevacuum‘ s region of space.

(D)Scientistsintroduced a virtual electron and a

virtualpositron into a vacuum‘ s region of

space, butfound that the vacuum did not

thenfluctuate.

(E)Scientists introduced a real electron and a real

positroninto a vacuum‘ s region of space, but

found thatthe total energy of the space

increased bythe energy equivalent of the

mass of theparticles.

.Anyway, for35-7 I think the answer is C. The passage says that in the presence of a strongenough electric field, the vacuum (empty space) will spontaneously becomecharged. The charge comes from particles that materialize in space. The authorsays that this will happen outside a superheavy nucleus. Thus, if experimenterslooked around a superheavy nucleus but couldn't find any (real) chargedparticles materializing, this would contradict the author's claim.

I don'tthink A is correct, because perhaps the experimenters just did not make astrong enough electric field. I don't think B is correct, because the passagetalks about the materialization of particles, making them seem real notvirtual. But it sort of bothers me that they use this language in the answers,because a non-physicist most likely does not know the difference between realand virtual particles. So if you get a question like this on the real exam, Iguess that's just bad luck. Anyway, D and E talk about things that seemunrelated to the passage.

Recentscholarship has strongly suggested that the aspects

of early NewEngland culture that seem to have been most distinctly Puritan, such as thestrong religious orientation and the communal impulse, were not typical of NewEngland as a whole, but were largely confined to the two colonies of Massachusettsand Connecticut. Thus, what in contrast to the Puritan colonies appears toProfessor Davis to be peculiarly Southern was not only more typically Englishthan the cultural patterns exhibited by Puritan Massachusetts and Connecticut,but also almost certainly characteristic of most other early modern Britishcolonies from Barbados north to Rhode Island and New Hampshire. Within thelarger framework of American colonial life, then, not the Southern but thePuritan colonies appear to have been distinctive, and even they seem to havebeen rapidly assimilating to the dominant cultural patterns by the lateColonial period.

( 145 words)

8. Which ofthe following statements could most logically

follow thelast sentence of the passage?

(A) Thus,had more attention been paid to the

evidence,Davis would not have been tempted

to arguethat the culture of the South

divergedgreatly from Puritan culture in the

seventeenthcentury.

(B) Thus,convergence, not divergence, seems to

havecharacterized the cultural development

of theAmerican colonies in the eighteenth

century.

(C) Thus,without the cultural diversity represented

by theAmerica South, the culture of colonial

Americawould certainly have been

homogeneousin nature.

(D) Thus,the contribution of Southern colonials to

Americanculture was certainly overshadowed

by that ofthe Puritans.

(E) Thus,the culture of America during the Colonial

period wasfar more sensitive to outside

influencesthan historians are accustomed to

(131 words)

As for 17-7,I am actually not sure about the answer. I don't think A is correct, becausethe article admits that the Southern culture is distinct from Puritan culture;it just claims that most other American colonies were also unlike Puritanculture and more like the South. I think B might be correct because it is inline with the last two lines of the passage, and it also agrees with theoverall claim of the passage that most of the American colonies had similarcultures. I don't think C is correct, because according to the passage, it isnot the South that is different from the rest of the colonies, it was onlyMassachusetts and Connecticut that were unlike all the others. To me, D and Edo not seem supported by the passage.