[求助]请教两道prep破解里的语法题

38.8.
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The Achaemenid empire of Persia reached the Indus Valley in the fifth century B.C., bringing the Aramaic script with it, from which was derived both northern and southern Indian alphabets.

(A) the Aramaic script with it, from which was derived both northern and

(B) the Aramaic script with it, and from which deriving both the northern and the

(C) with it the Aramaic script, from which derive both the northern and the

(D) with it the Aramaic script, from which derives both northern and

(E) with it the Aramaic script, and deriving from it both the northern and

选C，但是不明白里面的derive为什么不是第三人称单数？

Whereas scientists, because of random fluctuations in the weather, cannot determine the transition from one season to the next by monitoring temperatures on a daily basis, so they cannot determine the onset of global warming by monitoring average annual temperatures.

(A) Whereas scientists

(B) Just as scientists

(C) Like scientists who

(D) Inasmuch as a scientist

(E) In the same way a scientist

选B，不知道为什么选B。

请教指点！

第二题，just as....so.....固定结构

第一题，后面分句是倒装句，主语是xx and xx