一道prep上的题，对于正确选项有个地方搞不懂

雪梦儿 · 发表于 2011-7-17 11:15:28

In her 26 years in the forests of Gombe, Jane Goodall collected data that proved that chimpanzees exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from each one to others by imitating and practicing.
A.   exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from each one to others by imitating and practicing
B.   will exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitating and practicing
C.   will exhibit the kind of curiosity so that new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice
D.   exhibit the kind of curiosity by which new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed on from one to another by imitation and practice
E.   exhibit the kind of curiosity where new patterns of behavior and expression are passed on to others by imitation and practice

句子结构：In…, JG collected that proved that chimpanzees exhibit the kind of curiosity…
考点：
1.   描述客观事实、科研成果要用一般现在时
2.   定语从句连接词
3.   one… the other　只有两个
some… the others　有三个以上
one… another，another…
some… others，others…
others = other people/things
the others = the rest　剩余的全部
1）泛指另一个用another。
2）一定范围内两人（物），一个用one，另一个用the other。
3）一定范围内三者，一个用one，另一个用one （another），第三个可用the other，a third。
4）一定范围内，除去一部分人/物，剩余的全部用the others。
5）泛指别的人或物时，用others当在一定范围内，除去一部分后，剩余部分但不是全部时，也用others。
4.   By+ doing(by imitating and practicing)和by+noun(by imitation and practice)的区别还是在于doing和noun之间:doing为动名词形式描述的是动作的发生，noun则是对动作的单纯描述。
5.   TIP(不做绝对判断原则): 原句中如果含有情态动词，一般不可以随意添加、删除、改变，要根据句子逻辑含义来判断。
选项分析：
A.   s.v.o. + so that + 情态动词+ v.引导的是目的性状语，用在此处逻辑错误；imitating and practicing不如imitation和practice语义相符及简洁；from each one to others用法错误，泛指群体里两个个体之间的关系应该用one…another…
B.   Will时态不对，虽然will+v.可以表达的某个动作的常常发生(略带预测的味道)，但此处为描述科研成果用一般现在时更为恰当；So that用法不对，同上；imitating and practicing不如imitation和practice好。
C.   Will时态不对，同上；So that用法不对，同上；
D.   Correct；本题可以从the kind of curiosity前的the推出后面用so that引导目的或结果状语并不恰当，另外因为前面也没有提到过这种curiosity，应该用定语从句才对。
E.   Where用法错误，先行词并不是表示地点、位置的名词，所以用where不合适；are在语义上太过绝对，不如”情态动词+be”好；from each one to others用法错误。

我想问的是，D项的by which到底那个by是干嘛的呢？？

deifica · 发表于 2011-7-17 12:41:53

句子结构还原，就是“new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed by the kind of curiosity" by是介词.which指代 the kind of curiosity.

雪梦儿 · 发表于 2011-7-17 13:13:54

句子结构还原，就是“new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed by the kind of curiosity" by是介词.which指代 the kind of curiosity.

-- by 会员 deifica (2011/7/17 12:41:53)

这样的话by practice 。。。imitation怎么办？

deifica · 发表于 2011-7-17 14:17:49

by practice and immitation是指的具体方式了，不冲突的，再写完整点就是“new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed by the kind of curiosity from one to another by practice and imitation”

Mrfish · 发表于 2011-7-27 10:40:17

by practice and immitation是指的具体方式了，不冲突的，再写完整点就是“new patterns of behavior and expression can be passed by the kind of curiosity from one to another by practice and imitation”

-- by 会员 deifica (2011/7/17 14:17:49)

额, 总算知道这个BY是干嘛的, 看了解释发现自己好弱, 谢咯！

本贴相关题目 GMATPrep-2008E1-SC-177 (BMYC)

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