OG 12-74

ruirui_hsu · 发表于 2011-3-1 13:15:20

OG12 74 求助
A 1972 agreement between Canada and the United States reduced the amout of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump into the Greak Lakes.

(A) reduced the amout of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump

(B) reduced the phosphate amout that municipalities had been dumping

(C) reduced the phosphate amout municipalities have been allowed to dump

(D) reduced the amout of phosphates that municipalities are allowed to dump

(E) reduced the amout of phosphates allowed for dumping by municipalities

Since the dumping continued after the date of the agreement, the past perfect verb had been allowed should instead be the present are allowed (if the agreement remained in effect when the sentence was written) or the past were allowed (if the agreement was no longer in effect when the sentence was written).
OG 这个解释，我实在是没能体会，谁能解释下。
尤其是括号里表述的两种情况，实在不会体会。跪求！

zhangludiane · 发表于 2011-3-10 16:39:49

如果在agreement 之前allow这个动作完结的放，那么过去(reduced)的过去，就应该用had been
但是本题应该考虑的是在reduce发生的同时，allow也还继续存在着，那么究竟是用were 还是用are又要看现在（也是这个句子was written之时咯），那么就以这个现在为分水岭去判断即可~

geegee · 发表于 2011-3-10 18:23:18

主旨是1972年签的一个协议减少了xxx的排放。如果协议还有效，自然现在还发挥着作用，如果生效了一段时间，也是用过去式，如og中解释的那样。

have been/ had been肯定不对；

另外allowed for dumping。。。感觉怪异，一般是allow sb. to do sth.,或它的被动用法。所以只能选d.

还有个说法可以这么说，如果没有这协议，那么otherwise would have increased xxxxx 在过去若干年中的排放。

OG 12-74

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