疯了！关于V-ing和定语从句，已看过NN讨论，还是有不能解释的题，求解答阿！！！

fayeluo · 发表于 2010-10-14 15:09:43

关于逗号后用V-ing还是定语从句，NN总结说
1.分词和定语从句的区别：关键是看两句话之间的逻辑关系。
（1）当两者都作定语修饰紧邻名词时，定语从句优于分词，因为分词还可以作状语，相比起来，定语从句更没有歧义。
（2）当作状语表伴随结果(即对前一句话的总结）或者对前句进行补充（必须具有同时发生的含义）时，则只能用分词，不能用定语从句。

那么下面的题怎么解释呢？？望好心人给个答案！！！

OG26
Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumberingher letters to anyone else.

既然V-ing可以作伴随状语修饰主语，为什么这里这个A选项的 ‘outnumbering’是错误的呢, 我觉得可以是修饰前句的主语‘Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson’

OG 113.
Because there are provisions of the new maritime code that provide that even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fi sheries and oil fi elds of large sea areas, they have already stimulated international disputes over uninhabited islands.

(C) Even tiny islets can be the basis for claims to the fisheries and oil fi elds of large sea areas under provisions of the new maritime code, already stimulating

排出C中的其他错误不说，OG答案说这个C选项中的 stimulating没有说明是什么发出这个动作的，但是我觉得不是可以作结果状语呢？表示前面整个句子产生的的影响。

还有prep语法笔记的一道题

Unlike crested wheatgrass, an alien species from Siberia that forms only shallow roots andproduces tall above-ground shoots, native North American grasses develop an extensive root system, allowing for greater enrichment of the soil, but do not grow to bevery tall.(A) native North American grasses develop an extensive root system, allowing for greaterenrichment of the soil, but do not grow to be very
(B) native North American grasses develop an extensive root system, which allows for their greaterenrichment of the soil, but without growing to be that
(C) the root system of native North American grasses is extensive, allowing for greater enrichment of the soil, but they do not grow to be very
(D) the root system of native North American grasses is more extensive, allowing for the greaterenrichment of the soil, but these grasses do not grow to be very
(E) the extensiveness of the root system of native North American grasses allows for their greaterenrichment of the soil, but they do not grow to be that

答案选A，给的其中一个解释是allowing for 非限定性修饰先行词root system；可是这里明明应该用which的啊，用状语的话是很有歧义的吧？既可以作为伴随状语指代主语，又可以指代root system，还可以理解为结果状语，所以这里是怎么一回事呢？？

真的很纠结这三道题阿！！！请牛牛们解答一下吧！！谢谢谢谢！！

gmat928 · 发表于 2010-10-18 17:35:42

一般规律

名ving(or ved) 这里ving作定语修饰这个名词
主语谓语宾语, ving 这里ving作状语修饰整个句子或者前面的谓语动词
名词that that引出定语从句修饰名词

第一题，outnumbering作状语修饰整个句子，而非做定语修饰主语letters

第二题，stimulating作状语修饰整个句子，但是stimulating分词缺少逻辑主语

第三题，allowing作状语修饰整个句子，而非做定语修饰root system

-- by 会员 gmat928 (2010/10/17 18:14:16)

很精彩！

多问一句主语谓语宾语, ving 中，是否有可能这里ving作定语修饰宾语呢？

多谢了！看了兄弟几个大作，深有感触，感激之至~

-- by 会员 jbc88 (2010/10/17 21:46:46)

这个我没有见到过，应该是没有吧

但要注意
主语谓语宾语, 插入语，ving
这里的ving是修饰宾语的

easy2010 · 发表于 2010-10-14 22:51:55

定上去，请nn解答～～

lcr12318 · 发表于 2010-10-15 09:19:57

lcr12318 · 发表于 2010-10-15 09:20:35

求解答~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

XXXXXY · 发表于 2010-10-15 10:30:12

第一个 v-ing 不管是做结果状语还是伴随状语逻辑上都不好说不太通，可以试着翻译一下
第二个 v-ing前面是主系表结构，所以是不可以做伴随状语的，只能修饰主语（或宾语都一样）逻辑上不通
第三个俺觉得做结果状语较好

fayeluo · 发表于 2010-10-15 11:28:52

谢谢楼上！！！
我又看了看
第一个outnumber和written不是同时发生的，确实做伴随状语不行，结果状语也不对
第二个前面是主系表结构，后面就不能用伴随状语，那这道题我觉得是作为结果状语阿
第三个还是觉得歧义很大
求高人解答！！！！

fayeluo · 发表于 2010-10-17 17:38:41

自己顶一下，好心的NN给个解答吧！！谢了！！

gmat928 · 发表于 2010-10-17 18:14:16

一般规律

名ving(or ved) 这里ving作定语修饰这个名词
主语谓语宾语, ving 这里ving作状语修饰整个句子或者前面的谓语动词
名词that that引出定语从句修饰名词

第一题，outnumbering作状语修饰整个句子，而非做定语修饰主语letters

第二题，stimulating作状语修饰整个句子，但是stimulating分词缺少逻辑主语

第三题，allowing作状语修饰整个句子，而非做定语修饰root system

SopZ · 发表于 2010-10-17 19:12:09

我觉得是可以做结果状语的，很多题目中都有：主系表，v-ing(结果状语)。但是应该用having already stimulated会比较好一点。虽然already不一定要用完成时，但是那是表示：强调目前情况，并且情况将来会变。

如
1. According to the National Pasta Association, per-capita consumption of pasta in the United States, which has already been approaching 19 pounds a year, will achieve 30 pounds a year by the twenty-first century.
(A) According to the National Pasta Association, per-capita consumption of pasta in the United States, which has already been approaching 19 pounds a year, will achieve 30 pounds a year by the twenty-first century.
(B) Already approaching 19 pounds a year in the United States, the National Pasta Association predicts that per-capita consumption of pasta will reach 30 pounds a year by the twenty-first century.
(C) The National Pasta association predicts by the twenty-first century that per-capita consumption of pasta in the United States, which is already approaching 19 pounds a year, will reach 30 pounds a year.
(D) By the twenty-first century, the National Pasta Association predicts that per-capita consumption of pasta in the United States, having already approached 19 pounds a year, will reach 30 pounds a year.
(E) According to the National Pasta Association, per-capita consumption of pasta in the United States is already approaching 19 pounds a year and will reach 30 pounds a year by the twenty-first century.

53, sec16-20
A) already如果用于现在完成进行时have/has been doing，其表达的含义跟is already doing 中的already表达的是有所不同的：has already been approaching一般表示达到一年19磅这种状态过去已经存在直到现在但可能还会继续，is already doing 表示现在存在的状态但这种状态可能会变(此时already用于一般时或一般进行时, 意思应该是:used to say that a situation exists and it might get worse, greater, etc)，is already doing 后用and 并列引出will do正好表明这种变化的趋势。所以is already doing and will do可能比has already been approaching和will do的搭配要好些，也许更符合意思的表达。
另外，which指代有问题，应该是指per-capita consumption，但其与which太远指代关系比较弱, 且根据意思本应并列的成分，一部分变成了which引导的非限制性定语从句，有把主要信息变为次要信息之嫌。
B) the National Pasta Association approaching错。
C) by the twenty-first century位置错。
D) 同上。
E) best.

SopZ · 发表于 2010-10-17 19:20:43

关于第三题 allow for的意思是 “考虑到。。。”一般都直接用allowing for
和given that, considering一样的

疯了！关于V-ing和定语从句，已看过NN讨论，还是有不能解释的题，求解答阿！！！

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