【讨论】关于......,which（which的跳跃性修饰）

gabriel_djh · 发表于 2010-1-29 08:52:36

根据语法总结，非限制向定语从句（即先行词，which.....) which 必须紧跟着他修饰的先行词，然而我在做语法题时候偶尔也会看到which没有紧跟着先行词的现象，也为正确选项。希望语法高手们能够解释一下什么时候必须紧跟，什么时候可以不要紧跟。很抱歉没有想起现成的例题，如果大家刚好手头上碰见麻烦share一下吧~

我好像记得如果先行词后面跟着的是介词短语（总之是可以省略不影响全文的）就可以不用紧跟，不知道对不对呢？

open to discuss

tibet · 发表于 2010-1-29 09:52:54

我也看到很多不紧跟的情况
应该能够避免歧义的时候，是可以不紧跟的把

gabriel_djh · 发表于 2010-1-30 10:23:40

找到一道题啦!来自新prep test2
216. (28818-!-item-!-188;#058&003216) (GWD-13-1)

Although she had been known as an effective legislator first in the Texas Senate and later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan’s participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in 1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was televised nationwide.
A. later in the United States House of Representatives, not until Barbara Jordan’s participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon in 1974 was she made a nationally recognized figure, as it was
B. later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which were
C. later in the United States House of Representatives, it was not until 1974 that Barbara Jordan became a nationally recognized figure, with her participation in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was
D. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, not until 1974 did Barbara Jordan become a nationally recognized figure, as she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, being
E. then also later in the United States House of Representatives, Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which was
答案是B，B句子中which 指代hearings(听证会），就没有紧挨着hearings，而是跟在尼克松后面。真是confusing,大牛们能够解释下嘛？

gabriel_djh · 发表于 2010-1-30 10:31:53

还有一题：
119. Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of more than $100 billion a year.

(A) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of
(B) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business
(C) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of
(D) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing business（B）
(E) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business

Choice B, the best answer, uses clear and concise phrasing to state that it is the effects of drug and alcohol abuse that already cost business the sum mentioned. In A, to business is awkwardly and confusingly inserted between cost and the prepositional phrase that modifies it, and are already a cost to business is wordy and awkward compared to cost business. In C, already with business costs of... is awkward and unclear, failing to specify that those prior effects generate the cost. Choices D and E produce faulty constructions with the phrase significant in compounding, which cannot grammatically modify the verb form is growing.

这里which指代the effects (A of B, which指向A)

gabriel_djh · 发表于 2010-1-30 10:46:19

还有一题新prep2 210. (29708-!-item-!-188;#058&004436) (GWD-12-Q31)
Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.
A. Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering

E. Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber
答案是E，我选了A，这里which跳跃性修饰letters

gabriel_djh · 发表于 2010-1-30 10:48:11

根据 216与210两题可以看出，当which前面是A OF SB.(介词结构带人），且不会产生歧义的情况下，which可以修饰A（A为sth.)

本贴相关题目 OG (TJVV)

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