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OG38-关于of/ from; OG66-reduction
38. Scientists have observed large concentrations of heavy-metal deposits in the upper twenty centimeters of Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there.
(A) Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there
(B) Baltic Sea sediments, where the growth of industrial activity is consistent with these findings
(C) Baltic Sea sediments, findings consistent with its growth of industrial activity
(D) sediments from the Baltic Sea, findings consistent with the growth of industrial activity in the area（D）
(E) sediments from the Baltic Sea, consistent with the growth of industrial activity there
All of the choices but D contain ambiguities. In A and B the words which and where appear to refer to sediments, and in E it is not clear what consistent describes. In A, C, and E, there is no logical place to which there or its could refer. In D, the best choice, the phrase sediments from the Baltic Sea tells where the sediments originate, findings provides a noun for consistent to modify, and in the area clearly identifies where the industrial activity is growing. 用from可以清晰的表现sediments的来源
24. A common disability in test pilots is hearing impairment, a consequence of sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time.
(A) a consequence of sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time
(B) a consequence from sitting for long periods of time too near to large jet engines
(C) a consequence which resulted from sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time
(D) damaged from sitting too near to large jet engines for long periods of time（A）
(E) damaged because they sat too close to large jet engines for long periods of time
Choice A is correct.
Choice B is faulty because a consequence from is unidiomatic and because the modifying phrases for long periods of time和 too near to large jet engines are
问题：A consequence from是不是有重复之嫌疑？consequence和from重复？
18. Aging is a property of all animals that reach a fixed size at maturity, and the variations in life spans among different species are far greater as that among individuals from the same species: a fruit fly is ancient at 40 days, a mouse at 3 years, a horse at 30, a man at 100, and some tortoises at 150.
(A) among different species are far greater as that among individuals from
(B) among different species are far greater than that among individuals from
(C) among different species are far greater than those among individuals of
(D) between different species are far more than that between individuals of（C）
(E) between different species are greater by far than is that between individuals from
Choice A is incorrect on several grounds: greater as should be greater than, that should be those to agree in number with its referent, variations, and from should be of. Choice B amends only the first error. Choice C is the best answer. In D, between is faulty because many more than two species are being considered, more illogically refers to the quantity rather than the size of variations in life span, and that does not agree with variations. Besides including between, that, and from, choice E is needlessly wordy and lacks agreement in verb number. This question is moderately easy.
为什么这里不用from the same species，清楚表现来源？？
Reduction:
66. The Federal Reserve Board’s reduction of interest rates on loans to financial institutions is both an acknowledgement of past economic trends and an effort to influence their future direction.
(A) reduction of interest rates on loans to financial institutions is both an acknowledgement of past economic trends and an effort
(B) reduction of interest rates on loans to financial institutions is an acknowledgement both of past economic trends as well as an effort
(C) reduction of interest rates on loans to financial institutions both acknowledge past economic trends and attempt
(D) reducing interest rates on loans to financial institutions is an acknowledgement both of past economic trends and an effort（A）
(E) reducing interest rates on loans to financial institutions both acknowledge past economic trends as well as attempt
Choice A is best. In B, both must come before acknowledgment if it is to link acknowledgment and effort; as misplaced here, it creates the unfulfilled expectation that the reduction of interest rates will be an acknowledgment of two different things. Moreover, both... as well as... is redundant: the correct idiom is both x and y. In C, the plural verbs acknowledge and attempt do not agree with their singular subject, reduction; also, it is imprecise to characterize a reduction as performing actions such as acknowledging or attempting. In both D and E, the use of the participle reducing rather than the noun reduction is awkward. Like B, D misplaces both, while E repeats both the redundancy of B and the agreement error of C.
看来reduction不能是action, 那么只能是状态
107. Downzoning, zoning that typically results in the reduction （状态）of housing density, allows for more open space in areas where little water or services exist.
(A) little water or services exist
(B) little water or services exists
(C) few services and little water exists
(D) there is little water or services available（E）
(E) there are few services and little available water
The adjective little modifies “mass nouns” (e.g., water), which refer to some undifferentiated quantity; the adjective few modifies “count nouns” (e.g., services), which refer to groups made up of distinct members that can be considered individually. Hence, choices A, B, and D are incorrect because little cannot properly modify services. Also, since water and services are being discussed as a pair, they should logically be treated as a compound subject requiring a plural verb; thus, the singular verbs exists (in B and C) and is (in D) are wrong. Choice E is best: the plural verb are is used, and few correctly modifies services.
那道最新ZT；
reduced costs, confidentiality, and a resolution to disputes.
Reduction of costs, confidentiality, and a resolution to disputes.
我怎么觉得reduction…confidentiality好像不平行？ | 
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发表于 2004-5-28 23:00:00
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