OG12 86，参照《我的语法手册》中的说明，有疑点

chuRiver · 发表于 2010-2-7 15:35:56

正确句子为
The results of the company's cost-cutting measures are evident in its profits, //which have increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after falling// over the last two years.

B项为
which had increased 5 percent during the ?rst 3 months of this year after it had fallen

《我的语法手册》中作者的理解为：因为第一个动作increased发生在it fell over the last two years之后，所以A当中的it fell时态不对；B当中had increase和had fallen存在同样的问题。

前面的话我都认同，但我认为最后那个"had fallen"没有用错。原句中提到的两件事，increase是以现在为时间参考系，已经完成，所以用have increased，而fall是用after连接在increase后面的，应当是以increase这个过去所发生的事情作为时间上的参考系，所以用had falledn合乎OG对过去完成时的说明。

大家怎么看呢
多谢楼下提醒

红尘道士 · 发表于 2010-2-7 16:52:10

你这个句子不对应该是after falling，没有it

marshallzhu · 发表于 2011-4-20 19:17:43

86.选项：
(A) which increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after it fell
(B) which had increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after it had fallen
正确(C) which have increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after falling
(D) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after falling
(E) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after having fallen
比较不能理解C中
一：用have increased，现在完成时不是用来1.表明过去某一部确定时间发生的事情2.表面过去发生的某事对现在仍有影响，或仍持续到现在；那这里用现在完成时是表示哪个哩？
二：falling指的是什么时态？答案中要求increase后于fall，falling是否满足了这个要求？

求路过的高人不要单纯路过~~求解答~~

crack25 · 发表于 2011-5-1 18:34:41

支持，这个问题先谈一下自己的认识 results of the company's cost cutting measures "first 3month"明显应该说是前三个月的情况对现在的情况，而且主句也呼应是现在时态，表示业绩没有结束，要是结束了就过去式了，对于fall我的理解倒是觉得其他的都不对，而且选择也是最优而不是最好的，right?
求拍砖。。。
求Gmail～～～NN来看一下

无敌可爱多 · 发表于 2011-7-7 04:42:17

86.选项：
(A) which increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after it fell
(B) which had increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after it had fallen
正确(C) which have increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after falling
(D) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after falling
(E) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after having fallen
比较不能理解C中
一：用have increased，现在完成时不是用来1.表明过去某一部确定时间发生的事情2.表面过去发生的某事对现在仍有影响，或仍持续到现在；那这里用现在完成时是表示哪个哩？
二：falling指的是什么时态？答案中要求increase后于fall，falling是否满足了这个要求？

求路过的高人不要单纯路过~~求解答~~

-- by 会员 marshallzhu (2011/4/20 19:17:43)

一：用have increased，现在完成时不是用来1.表明过去某一部确定时间发生的事情2.表面过去发生的某事对现在仍有影响，或仍持续到现在；那这里用现在完成时是表示哪个哩？
是第一个用法。OG说的很清楚，这是一个有时间先后顺序的事件，increase先发生，从而引起一般现在时的measures are evident，因此需要一个先于一般现在时的时态，现在完成或者一般过去。但这个事件是否到现在已经结束？文中并未说明，因此不能用表示increase已经结束的一般过去时——所以这里选择现在完成时。

二：falling指的是什么时态？答案中要求increase后于fall，falling是否满足了这个要求？

falling是过去时，是状语的省略形式，逻辑主语是profits。

参考这个帖子http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-35712-1-1.html?SearchText=状语从句的省略

(a) Adverb Clause: While I was walking to class, I ran into an old friend.
(b) Modifying Phrase: While walking to class, I ran into an old friend.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Omit the subject of dependent clause and the be form of the verb, as in (b)

(c) Adverb Clause: Before I left for work, I ate breakfast.
(d) Modifying Phrase: Before leaving for work, I ate breakfast.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If there is no be form of a verb, omit the subject and change the verb to -ing, as in (d)

Conclusion:
An adverb clause can be change to a modifying phrase
only when the subject of the adverb clause and the subject of the
main clause are the same. A modifying adverbial phrase that is the reduction
of an adverb clause modifies the subject of the main clause.

OG12 86，参照《我的语法手册》中的说明，有疑点

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