求助一道语法题

LeeXYeng · 发表于 2016-10-5 21:46:03

As an actress and, more importantly, as a teacher of acting, Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, who trained several generations of actors including Marlon Brando and Robert De Niro.
(A) Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, who trained several generations of actors including
(B) Stella Adler, one of the most influential artists in the American theater, trained several generations of actors who include
(C) Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, training several generations of actors whose ranks included
(D) one of the most influential artists in the American theater was Stella Adler, who trained several generations of actors including
(E) one of the most influential artists in the American theater, Stella Adler, trained several generations of actors whose ranks included

ADE很好排除，答案是C，但是COMMA ING不是只适用于以下情况么
1.修饰离他最近的主语
2.此结构与所修饰主语的分句的关系：直接的原因（因果关系），或者是同时低优先度（时间上同时发生）

我选的是B，为什么错了呢。。。求大牛指点

lfzlxm · 发表于 2016-10-5 22:11:32

这个题我也疑惑了很久，求问楼主是怎么排除A的啊？

LeeXYeng · 发表于 2016-10-5 22:28:05

lfzlxm 发表于 2016-10-5 22:11
这个题我也疑惑了很久，求问楼主是怎么排除A的啊？

A当中的who位置不对吧，修饰的是SA要紧跟修饰对象才好吧，放在最后有歧义我觉得

天下无病G · 发表于 2016-10-5 22:57:58

B中的actor后面跟了who，显然是who后面的从句修饰actor，但是你把actor带进去看看，句子是actor include 两个人名，翻译过来就是演员包括两个人，意思很奇怪，原文的意思应该是S这个人很厉害训练出了一代NB演员，在这一代演员当中包含了其中这两个人M和R，这应该是OG的题吧，建议你去看看RON神视频截图，再去做题效果会好很多，主要是教会你怎么用语意判断，语法改错本身就是中国人的错译，应该是语意改错。

LeeXYeng · 发表于 2016-10-5 23:17:43

天下无病G 发表于 2016-10-5 22:57
B中的actor后面跟了who，显然是who后面的从句修饰actor，但是你把actor带进去看看，句子是actor include 两 ...

但是和B相比我觉得A的问题更大呀，ron不是说过comma ing的两个用法么，这里的training感觉都不符合啊

Owen'sDaddy · 发表于 2016-10-5 23:40:44

LeeXYeng 发表于 2016-10-5 23:17
但是和B相比我觉得A的问题更大呀，ron不是说过comma ing的两个用法么，这里的training感觉都不符合啊 ...

COMMA ING 并不是只能修饰离他最近的noun.
按照manhattan笔记的说法，comma -ing is adverbial modifier.
adverbial modifiers do not have the same placement constraints as noun modifiers.
as long as the adverbial modifier clearly points to one particular verb or clause, the placement is acceptable.

Owen'sDaddy · 发表于 2016-10-6 00:57:10

As an actress and, more importantly, as a teacher of acting, Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, who trained several generations of actors including Marlon Brando and Robert De Niro.
(A) Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, who trained several generations of actors including
(who离先行词Stella Adler太远了，这种句子GMAT绝对不喜欢。前一句中you三个noun，默认就近theater，显然不对，引起ambiguity)

(B) Stella Adler, one of the most influential artists in the American theater, trained several generations of actors who include
（把主句变成了SA trained...）（who修饰的是核心词generations, 结构是noun＋noun modifier＋adjective clause, generations include MB and RDN 显然不合理）

(C) Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, training several generations of actors whose ranks included
（comma -ing as adverbial modifier，修饰前面independent clause，表是原因。）（whose指代generations）（longman中解释the ranks：the people who belong to a particular organization or group）

(D) one of the most influential artists in the American theater was Stella Adler, who trained several generations of actors including
开头的opening phrase必须紧接Stella Adler

(E) one of the most influential artists in the American theater, Stella Adler, trained several generations of actors whose ranks included
（comma + past participle错了，没有完整句子）

LeeXYeng · 发表于 2016-10-6 07:28:33

Owen'sDaddy 发表于 2016-10-6 00:57
As an actress and, more importantly, as a teacher of acting, Stella Adler was one of the most influe ...

啊感谢！你这么说我能理解B错在哪了。
但是C的COMMA ING我说的是修饰离它最近的主语，这里修饰的就是SA呀~和A中的who相比确实更加没有歧义也更简洁，我就是困惑为什么1）不表结果，2）不是时间上同时发生也可以用这个结构（因为听RON的课和看前辈总结的千行上面都说COMMA ING 只有在这两个情况用）
当然现在用排除可以做出来这题了

Owen'sDaddy · 发表于 2016-10-6 10:10:52

LeeXYeng 发表于 2016-10-6 07:28
啊感谢！你这么说我能理解B错在哪了。
但是C的COMMA ING我说的是修饰离它最近的主语，这里修饰的就是SA呀 ...

comma －ing并不是修饰离他最近的主语。training开头的这个句子作为状语修饰前面整个句子。
即：Stella Adler是最有影响力的演员，（因为她）训练了几代演员。

这个结构不需要时间上同时发生，因为后面那个句子不是一个完整的句子（noun＋verb＋。。。）不存在时态一致。当然也有些句子是两个动作同时发生的。

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