og 258 -- 前面的讨论不能解决我的问题

squirrel_hippo · 发表于 2005-3-2 15:27:00

258. The British sociologist and activist Barbara Wootton once noted as a humorous example of income maldistribution that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning annually exactly what she then earned as director of adult education for London.

(A) that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning

(B) that the elephant, giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, had been earning

(C) that there was an elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, and it earned

(D) the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo and was earning（A）

(E) the elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo and that it earned

Choice A, the best answer, uses the idiomatic construction noted... that and clearly focuses on the salient information—a comparison of annual earnings. In B, the structure of noted... that the elephant, giving rides..., had been earning falsely implies that the reader already knows about the elephant—that
is, that the existence of this particular elephant is not new
information. Also, the past perfect had been improperly places the elephant’s earning in the past, prior to Wootton’s; consistent verb tense is needed to show that the actions are simultaneous. Choice
C may be faulted for distortion of meaning and diminished clarity
because it suggests that the point of Wootton’s example was the
elephant’s very existence; comparative earnings are presented (after and) as
incidental detail. Choice D is awkward and inexact; the whole
circumstance that Wootton “noted” is best expressed in a clause that
begins with that. Choice E does not use the idiomatic construction noted that x; therefore, and that it earned has no parallel construction to which it can be joined.

红字的部分不太理解，麻烦nn帮我解释一下，谢谢！！

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-3-3 2:24:01编辑过]

jerjer · 发表于 2005-3-2 18:00:00

楼主问的可能是为什么吧？

the elephant, giving rides...,

只用分词结构说明了那只大象存在的状况，没说是哪只大象。翻成中文是“那只大象，正在。。。”

that the elephant that gave rides

使用了定语从句明确说明了“...的那一只大象。”

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-3-3 14:49:19编辑过]

squirrel_hippo · 发表于 2005-3-3 02:26:00

以下是引用jerjer在2005-3-2 18:00:00的发言：

楼主问的可能是为什么吧？

the elephant, giving rides...,

只用分词结构说明了那只大象存在的状况，没说是哪只大象。翻成中文是“那是大象，正在。。。”

that the elephant that gave rides

使用了定语从句明确说明了“...的那一只大象。”

谢谢，恕我愚昧，还是不太明白，有看了看前边的讨论，感觉和你说的是一个道理，可是我还是不太理解啊啊啊啊啊

jerjer · 发表于 2005-3-3 09:57:00

分词结构在句子中起的相当于是一个状语的作用，它不能取代定语从句的定语作用，来限定一个名词。

中文也是如此。

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-3-3 10:18:31编辑过]

lynnli · 发表于 2005-11-3 15:37:00

这也是困扰我很长时间的一句OG解释，查了无数前人的帖子，总是不明白，尝试着总结了一下，似乎明白了些，看到许多XDJM和我一样困扰，于是贴出来，希望有些帮助，当然可能还是表达得不是很清楚。

(A) that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning

that引导的限制性定语从句修饰和限定elephant，表示提出和限定一个新概念

(B) that the elephant, giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, had been earning

giving引导的分词短语，既可看做是非限制性定语修饰名词又可看做是状语修饰谓语动词，这本身就有歧义了，同时如果将其看做是状语，那么the elephant就没有任何修饰和限制成分了，而单独出现的the＋n.用于指代以前（前文）曾经出现过的名词或人们已经知道的概念，否则就不能用the了，所以ETS说：the reader already knows about the elephant—that is, that the existence of this particular elephant is not newinformation。

juliet01192000 · 发表于 2006-3-17 22:59:00

以下是引用lynnli在2005-11-3 15:37:00的发言：

这也是困扰我很长时间的一句OG解释，查了无数前人的帖子，总是不明白，尝试着总结了一下，似乎明白了些，看到许多XDJM和我一样困扰，于是贴出来，希望有些帮助，当然可能还是表达得不是很清楚。

(A) that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning

that引导的限制性定语从句修饰和限定elephant，表示提出和限定一个新概念

(B) that the elephant, giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, had been earning

giving引导的分词短语，既可看做是非限制性定语修饰名词又可看做是状语修饰谓语动词，这本身就有歧义了，同时如果将其看做是状语，那么the elephant就没有任何修饰和限制成分了，而单独出现的the＋n.用于指代以前（前文）曾经出现过的名词或人们已经知道的概念，否则就不能用the了，所以ETS说：the reader already knows about the elephant—that is, that the existence of this particular elephant is not newinformation。

强烈感谢lynnli mm的详细解释！！！

原来看tianwan的解释以为他是另辟蹊径，为大家找出B的另一个错误。但是看了mm的解释才知道其实tianwan的话就是 mm的理解，在解释ets为什么说B的结构说明elephant不是一个新的信息！

我也是疑惑一段时间了，谢谢！：）

sch · 发表于 2007-9-10 14:00:00

同意!把tianwan的解释具体化了!

yinlixiao · 发表于 2008-7-26 03:06:00

看看

jonathan1987 · 发表于 2008-8-3 16:41:00

看不懂b的解释

liuliuliuliu · 发表于 2008-9-16 01:43:00

佩服

本贴相关题目 GMATPrep-2007E1-SC-163 (KJXB)

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