For the first time in the modern era, non-Hispanic Whites are officially a minority in California, which amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from nearly three-quarters only a decade ago.
1. Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone.
2. Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which were televised nationwide.
1. Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone.
此處a tool for private conversation在句意上可以被視做一個單一概念的名詞,for private conversation被當做形容詞片語「作為私人溝通之用的」。因此,a tool for private conversation在句意上可以被視做是一個加上形容詞的名詞:「作為私人溝通之用的」+「工具」=「作為私人溝通之用的工具」
that could substitute for the telephone.的關代子句
是把作為修飾語的介係詞片語跟名詞「包覆」在一起,視為一個單一概念的大名詞來修飾。
只是因為a tool for private conversation這個大名詞的核心成分始終是a tool
所以我們才誤以為關代跳過for private conversation不理,只去修飾a tool。
事實上,關代子句的正確還原應為: a tool for private conversation could substitute for the telephone.
而非 a tool could substitute for the telephone.
2. Barbara Jordan did not become a nationally recognized figure until 1974, when she participated in the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon, which were televised nationwide.
同理,which並非跳過President Richard Nixon跟impeachment,
而是把the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon「包覆」視為完整概念的大名詞:「尼克森總統彈劾聽證會」
只是因為核心成分是the hearings,所以我們才一直誤以為中間的介係詞片語被跳過了。
關代子句的正確還原應為: the hearings on the impeachment of President Richard Nixon were televised nationwide.
而非 the hearings were televised nationwide.
那大家一定會問,有沒有不能跳過的情況?
The machine wrote the letter with a pen, which....
這裡的which絕對不可能跳過with a pen這個介係詞短語,
因為句意上"the letter with a pen"是不可能被包覆成為單一概念的名詞的。
The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological response.
A) that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses.
E) who creates unconscious physiological responses in turn.
兩個選項語法肯定都沒問題啊!
但答案還是那個跳了的A。
因為句意上lying->emotional reactions->physiolocial response才有[in turn]的循序漸進的銜接感。