大全section7-9 没有讨论过的，还请各位指教

9.     There is no consensus on what role, if any, is played by acid rain in slowing the growth or damaging forests in the eastern United States.

(A) slowing the growth or damaging

(B) the damage or the slowing of the growth of

(C) the damage to or the slowness of the growth of

(D) damaged or slowed growth of（E）

(E) damaging or slowing the growth of

我的问题是A和E的区别在哪里，怎么判断growth of是否带来歧义？

谢谢大家了～～