请教大家一题，应该不难（已解决）

Selling several hundred thousand copies in six months, the publication of "Maple Leaf Rag" in 1899 was an instant hit, helping to establish Scott Joplin as the preeminent ragtime composer.

(A) Selling several hundred thousand copies in six months, the publication of "Maple Leaf Rag" in 1899 was an instant hit, helping to establish Scott Joplin as the preeminent ragtime composer.

(B) The publication in 1899 of "Maple Leaf Rag" was an instant hit: in six months they sold several hundred thousand copies and it helped establish Scott Joplin as the preeminent ragtime composer.

(C) Helping to establish Scott Joplin as the preeminent ragtime composer was the publication of"Maple Leaf Rag" in 1899, which was an instant hit: it sold several hundred thousand copies in six months.

(D) "Maple Leaf Rag" was an instant hit: it helped establish Scott Joplin as the preeminent ragtimecomposer, published in 1899 and selling several hundred thousand copies in six months.

(E) Published in 1899, "Maple Leaf Rag" was an instant hit, selling several hundred thousand copies in six months: it helped establish Scott Joplin as the preeminent ragtime composer

答案是E，我想问的就是，这里的selling为什么不是被动呢，Maple Leaf Rag应该是被卖吧？

请大家帮忙解答

这是一个非谓语动词的独立主格结构,非谓语的主语为句子的逻辑主语.

"maple leaf rag"为句子的主语,也是非谓语的主语,是被publish,同时是主动的sell

被publish我明白，可是为什么是主动的sell？

Published in 1899, "Maple Leaf Rag" was an instant hit, selling several hundred thousand copies in six months

对不起,我这样解释你可能明白一点,

非谓语动词中,过去分词表被动和过去,doing可以表示伴随,原因以及同时发生."Maple Leaf Rag"是被出版的,"Maple Leaf Rag" was an instant hit, 后的doing形式是对前者出现此情况的就是说明.

恩，明白了，非常感谢你

再问个问题，怎么判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词呢？