关于石墨变钻石的那道语法

Under high pressure and intense heat, graphite, the most stable form of pure carbon, changes into the substance commonly referred to as diamond and remaining this way whether or not the heat and pressure are removed.

1. remaining this way whether or not
2. remaining like that even as
3. remaining as such whether or not
4. remains in this way although
5. remains thus even when

D is the correct answer. My question is what is wrong with E. Is it "thus" or "even when"?

根据意思来看这边应该是个转折吧,你用了when,是时间关系感觉就不贴切了