GWD 1-23 and 32

GWD1-Q23:

Past assessments of the Brazilian rain forest have used satellite images to tally deforested areas, where farmers and ranchers have clear-cut and burned all the trees, but such work has not addressed either logging, which is the removal of only selected trees, as well as surface fires, burning down individual trees but do not denude the forest.

1. which is the removal of only selected trees, as well as surface fires, burning

2. which removes only selected trees, or surface fires that burn

3. which removes only selected trees, along with surface fires that burn

4. removing only selected trees, or surface fires, burning

5. removing only selected trees, as well as surface fires that burn

这一题B没有疑问，请问D为什么不对，哪位牛牛讲讲分词短语怎么用。

To develop more accurate population forecasts, demographers have to know a great deal more than now about the social and economic determinants of fertility.

1. have to know a great deal more than now about the social and economic

2. have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social and economical

3. would have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social and economical

4. would have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social and economic

5. would have to know a great deal more than now about the social and economical

为什么要用would？按我的理解，要达到前面To develop...的目的，应该是不得不做...，求教

第一道题，doing可以认为是作前面句子的状语，而不是定语修饰前面的伐木业，如果作定语，必须去掉那个逗号，人家逗号没划线的啊

第二道题，than they do now，是和现在比较，前面要么是过去时，要么是一般将来时。反正不能是have。根据than后面they do排几个，economic排几个，就剩下一个了。

那大P，请问一下，要是过去分词放在句末了的话，你到底算是修饰主句的主语还是就近的名词？

大P，你看这里如果要考虑现在分词到底是修饰就近还是主语，这里的circle前面加了逗号啊，可是也是就近修饰前面的主语哦

In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets, most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle other stars.

(A) most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle

(B) most of them as large or larger than Jupiter and circling

(C) most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling

(D) mostly at least as large as Jupiter, which circle

(E) mostly as large or larger than Jupiter, circling

逗号不是分词修饰前面名词的问题啊,很多名词后面的分词修饰都有逗号的阿

哪位牛牛讲讲啊?

以下是引用yankevi在2007-12-22 16:37:00的发言：

大P，你看这里如果要考虑现在分词到底是修饰就近还是主语，这里的circle前面加了逗号啊，可是也是就近修饰前面的主语哦

In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets, most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle other stars.

 (C) most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling

 (C) most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling

 (C) most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling

这里的circling应该是修饰most of them而不是Jupiter

这个例子可以strengthen大P的conclusion：

1.没有逗号的现在分词一般就近修饰做定语

2.加上逗号来避免就近修饰的歧义

PS:过去分词做状语的例子能粘一个过来看看吗