GWD-8-Q17请教

GWD-8-Q17:

Fossils of a whale that beached on an African shore more than a million years ago and was subsequently butchered by hominids have been recovered by paleontologists.

1. that beached on an African shore more than a million years ago and was subsequently butchered by hominids have

2. that beached on an African shore more than a million years ago and then was subsequently butchered by hominids has

3. that beached on an African shore more than a million years ago, which was subsequently butchered by hominids, has

4. having been beached on an African shore more than a million years ago and subsequently butchered by hominids, have

5. having beached on an African shore more than a million years ago and then subsequently were butchered by hominids have

The answer is A. I don't understand why it is A since it uses "was" in the sentence and the subject is "Fossils" which is not singlar.

Thanks.

Got it.

Thanks a lot

One more..

GWD-8-Q32:

At the annual stockholders meeting, investors heard a presentation on the numerous challenges facing the company, including among them the threat from a rival’s multibillion-dollar patent-infringement suit and the declining sales for the company’s powerful microprocessor chip.

1. including among them the threat from a rival’s multibillion-dollar patentinfringement suit and the declining sales for

2. which includes the threat of a rival’s multibillion-dollar patent-infringement suit and declining sales of

3. included among these the threat from a rival’s multibillion-dollar patentinfringement suit as well as a decline in sales for

4. among them the threat of a rival’s multibillion-dollar patent-infringement suit and the decline in sales of

5. among these the threat from a rival’s multibillion-dollar patent-infringement suit as well as the decline in sales for

The answer is D.

Why? and why A is not correct?

Thanks.

1.including 和among 有重复

2.而且A中  the declining sales for不如D中的the decline in sales of用的好。

3.  D中 and 前后对称的比较好都是A of  B结构