大全987-103

103.        American productivity is declining in relation to Europe’s; the energy expended per unit of production in the United States is as much as twice that expended in West Germany.

(A) as much as twice that expended in West Germany

(B) as much as twice that of West Germany’s expenditure

(C) up to two times of West Germany’s expenditure

(D) up to two times what West Germans expended（A）

(E) up to double the West German expenditure

这道题选项A我怎么觉得按照比较的几种形式twice不能放在as much as 后面呢？应该是twice as much as that expended in West Germany?

"Twice that expanded" is in the form of "X times some amount", like "3 times my weight" "2 times his salary".  Putting "as much as" is just to make the sentence flow more smooth.  you can put it anywhere.  However, if you say "3 times as heavy as I am" "2 times as much as he is paid" then "as much as" is a core part of the phrase and cannot be removed.

Hope that helps.

as much as twice that expended in West Germany

我的理解

是为了避免再出现enery

还原是：is twice as much as （the energy） that expended in West Germany

没单位产量所花费的能量两倍语德国所花费的能量

－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－

但是我感觉句子里缺一个on

sb expend sth

sth is expended on sth

这里的能量是花费在单位产量上的能量

因为单位能耗高于德国，所以美国的产量相对于欧洲要低

我觉的缺一个on

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A的结构比较特殊，省略了energy，或者说是that 代替了energy

as much as twice不是倒装，也没有指示代词，如何能够或者为什么要还原？

关于that我认为是代替energy的，和expended..一起做as much as后面的名词性结构，这种情况在很多比较的句子里都出现的

关于twice as much as 的问题，一般的结构时 twice as。。。as，这里的结构是比较的怪的。不是很多见的。

第二个

that的指代问题

我同意，1.that可能就是指代energy

但对于2.把that看作引导词，省略了energy；这样的理解有什么问题吗？

我觉得应该不能看成that为引导词，省略energy，如果that做引导词，则后面当为句子，怎么解释呢？主语省略（energy）， 谓语应当是 be(省略） + expended。首先，比较结构中as 或者 than之后的比较一方，如果必须写清楚避免歧义，而且要用“被动语态”，就必须把被动形式的谓语部分写完整啊，不能只留下一个分词，况且这道题前面没有平行的被动形式啊，更不能省略Be，前面energy expended，不是被动语态，是过去分词作定语修饰energy的，句子结构是energy... is...

that当然是代词，extended...后置过去分词做定语。

MM想太多了？