OG2020每日閱讀訓練練習D16

Pistachio_lin · 发表于 2022-3-23 07:38:16

Hi 大家好, 閱讀打卡訓練第16天。

Materials/sources: OG2020

Passages:

Antonia Castañeda has utilized scholarship from women's studies and Mexican-American history to examine nineteenth-century literary portrayals of Mexican women. As Castañeda notes, scholars of women's history observe that in the Unites States, male novelists of the period─during which, according to these scholars, women's traditional economic role in home-based agriculture was threatened by the transition to a factory-based industrial economy─define women solely in their domestic roles of wife and mother. Castañeda finds that during the same period that saw non-Hispanic women being economically displaced by industrialization, Hispanic law in territorial California protected the economic position of "Californianas"(the Mexican women of the territory) by ensuring them property rights and inheritance rights equal to those of males.

For Castañeda, the laws explain a  stereotypical plot created primarily by male, non-Hispanic novelists: the story of an ambitious non-hispanic merchant or trader desirous of marrying an elite Californiana. These novels' favourable portrayal of such women is noteworthy, since Mexican-American historians have concluded that unflattering literary depictions of Mexicans were vital in rallying the United States public's support for the Mexican-American War (1846-1848). The importance of economic alliances forged through marriages with Californianas explains this  apparent contradiction . Because of their real-life economic significance, the Californianas were portrayed more favourably than were others of the same nationality.

簡化/思路:

Antonia Castañeda has utilized scholarship from women's studies and Mexican-American history to examine nineteenth-century literary portrayals of Mexican women. (說明AC這個人在深入調查19th世紀墨西哥女性的文學描述)
As Castañeda notes, scholars of women's history observe that in the Unites States, male novelists of the period─during which, according to these scholars, women's traditional economic role in home-based agriculture was threatened by the transition to a factory-based industrial economy─define women solely in their domestic roles of wife and mother. (AC發現: male novelist都只把女性描繪成家政類的角色或是母親; 這一句在說明研究結果)
Castañeda finds that during the same period that saw non-Hispanic women being economically displaced by industrialization, Hispanic law in territorial California protected the economic position of "Californianas"(the Mexican women of the territory) by ensuring them property rights and inheritance rights equal to those of males. (AC發現: 1)non-hispanic 女性經濟受到工業化的影響; 2)Hispanic law這一個法律保障了mexican women. -> 有兩種女性 1. 經濟地位不好 <因為工業化> versus 2. 經濟地位ok <受法律保護>; 為什麼這樣寫 -> 第二句寫male novelist把女性都描寫成domestic roles of wife and mother, 第三句接著寫"確實在那個時代裡面有這一類的女性", 同時也有一類女性不屬於"這些male novelist的定義中")

For Castañeda, the laws explain a   stereotypical plot  created primarily by male, non-Hispanic novelists: the story of an ambitious non-hispanic merchant or trader desirous of marrying an elite Californiana.  (接著寫這個law有關的事情; 幫助AC了解non-Hispanic novelists的故事)
These novels' favourable portrayal of such women is noteworthy, since Mexican-American historians have concluded that unflattering literary depictions of Mexicans were vital in rallying the United States public's support for the Mexican-American War (1846-1848). (這"stereotypical plot": 對mexican women的描述是正向的、好的，這件事情很值得關注，因為"literary depictions of mexicans"都是糟糕的、不好的. Favourable versus unflattering <contrast>)
The importance of economic alliances forged through marriages with Californianas explains this   apparent contradiction . (透過婚姻而產生的經濟聯合的重要性解釋了這個矛盾<favourable versus unflattering>)
Because of their real-life economic significance, the Californianas were portrayed more favourably than were others of the same nationality. (進一步補充:因為californianas的經濟重要性, 相對於其他墨西哥女性, 他們被寫的比較好)

段落總結:
第一段: AC的研究, AC研究什麼, AC發現什麼
第二段: AC的發現有助於了解什麼事情

1. The “ apparent contradiction ” mentioned in line 29 refers to the discrepancy between the

A. legal status of Mexican women in territorial California and their status in the United States
B. unflattering depiction of Mexicans in novels and the actual public sentiment about the Mexican-American War
C. existence of many marriages between Californianas and non-Hispanic merchants and the strictures against them expressed in novels
D. literary depiction of elite Californianas and the literary depiction of other Mexican individuals (同句間分析, apparent contradiction是因為 favourable portrayals versus unflattering literary depictions)
E. novelistic portrayals of elite Californianas' privileged lives and the actual circumstances of those lives

2. Which of the following could best serve as an example of the kind of fictional plot discussed by Antonia Castañeda?

A. A land speculator of English ancestry weds the daughter of a Mexican vineyard owner after the speculator has migrated to California to seek his fortune. (定位第二段第一句話: an ambitious non-hispanic merchant or trader desirous of marrying an elite Californiana.)
B. A Californian woman of Hispanic ancestry finds that her agricultural livelihood is threatened when her husband is forced to seek work in a textile mill.
C. A Mexican rancher who loses his land as a result of the Mexican-American War migrates to the northern United States and marries an immigrant schoolteacher.
D. A wealthy Californiana whose father has bequeathed her all his property contends with avaricious relatives for her inheritance.
E. A poor married couple emigrate from French Canada and gradually become wealthy as merchants in territorial California.

3. Which of the following, if true, would provide the most support for Castañeda's explanation of the “ stereotypical plot ” mentioned in lines 18-19?

A. Non-Hispanic traders found business more profitable in California while it was a territory than when it became a state.
B. Very few marriages between Hispanic women and non-Hispanic men in nineteenth-century territorial California have actually been documented.
C. Records from the nineteenth century indicate that some large and valuable properties were owned by elite Californianas in their own right. (定位, Hispanic law in territorial California protected the economic position of "Californianas"(the Mexican women of the territory) by ensuring them property rights and inheritance rights equal to those of males, 後面接著說這個Hispanic laws解釋了這個stereotypical plot)
D. Unmarried non-Hispanic women in the nineteenth-century United States were sometimes able to control property in their own right.
E. Most of the property in nineteenth-century territorial California was controlled by Hispanic men.

以上分析，還請大大們不吝分享。謝謝。

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所属分类: GMAT考试

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