原句： Tobacco companies, shaken by a string of legal setbacks in the United States, but which retain strong growth prospects in the developing world, face an uncertain future.
答案： Tobacco companies, WHICH have been shaken by a string oflegal setbacks in the United States , but WHICH retain strong growth prospects in the developing world, face an uncertain future.
有点不明白为什么黑体字的部分，不能直接写成”which shaken“，而一定要写which have been shaken呢？
1. 如果前后两个定语从句内都是一般现在时，那么这个句子可以简写为： Tobacco companies, shaken by a string of legal setbacks in the United States but retaining strong growth prospects in the developing world, face an uncertain future. 2. 用了现在完成时只是表达了“一直震荡到现在”的含义，不一定非要这个含义的，所以也不一定非要用现在完成时这么写，也可以用一般现在时、一般过去时等等。 3. 后面的by a string of legal setbacks表明了使得Tobacco companies动荡的原因，所以要用被动语态。
楼主好资质呀，这样都能懂？ 那我倒有几个问题请教一下： 过去分词做后定不表示被动么？比如 shaken 和 being shaken，这两个不表示被动？ 为啥表被动就一定要 have been shaken？ 还有，句中的but又是个什么东西？表示什么和什么的转折？和前一个定语的转折？but后面的which为什么指的又是远在两个逗号以前的companies？GMAT里貌似没有这样的语法。。。
the STRUCTURE in the answer chioce is better than in the original sentence. but: link two parallel <in structure> modifies (opposite in the logic of meaning) to describe the subject Tobacco companies.clear parallelism is a key factor in determining the true answer.
it is better than the expression of " shaken by a string of legal setbacks in the United States"
京公网安备11010202008513号 京ICP证101109号 京ICP备12012021号
发表于 2011-4-11 18:25:59
收藏
收藏
发表于 2011-4-11 19:45:21
楼主
