英语语法有上千种,我们无法全部掌握,还好GMAT的出题频率主要集中在了7种语法点上。下面我简单分析一下。 一、动词 动词是英语语法的灵魂,所以是区分好句子和不好句子的关键。在GMAT出题点中,动词错误可以分为两大类: (一)主语和动词的一致问题 对于每句话的动词来讲,都必须清楚他的主语是谁,而且动词必须和主语的数量一致。比如: Leo, like most babies,drink lots of milk. 显然,Leo这个主语是单数,所以动词也应该是单数drinks。所以,正确的答案应该是babies, drinks lots of milk.或者babies, enjoys drinking milk。大多数人可以轻松找到这类错误,因此GMAT就出了以下几种情况,让你不容易找到动词的主语: (1)在主语和动词之间插入修饰词组或从句,比如: Leo,like most babies, drink lots of milk.(should be drinks) (2)将动词置于主语前,比如: Drinks lots of milk does Leo, like most babies.(should be Drink lots of milk does Leo) (3)主语为either...or...或neither...nor..., 尽管either...or...中有两个名词,但实际上主语是either或者neither,所以其后动词应是单数,比如:Neither Leo nor the twins drink much milk.(should be drinks) (4) 集合名词,如andience, council, group, majority,or series。在GMAT考试中都代表单数。each,everyone, everybody,nobody也同样是单数。比如:Each of 10 babies drink lots of milk, (should be drinks). (二)动词时态 动词时态问题在GMAT考试中出现的频率没有上面提到的类型多。关键是句子要make sense。大多数情况下,句子中所有的动词都应该是一致的时态。如果划线部分出现了两种以上的时态,就要特别注意,看看是否make sense。GMAT中经常出现的两种错误时态就是将来时和过去完成时。比如: We dried off the car after it would stop raining. A. it would stop B. it will stop C. it stops D.it was stopping E.it stopped 你应该一眼就看出来AB错了,因为用将来时表示过去的行动不make sense。C同样用现在时描述过去,也错。答案应该是过去时,但after描述的是一个确定的时间点,所以不能用进行时,排除D。 另一个例子: After it had stopped raining, we will dry off the car. A.it had stopped B.it will be stopping C.it stops D.it was stopping E.it stopped 根据上题分析,ADE时态同后半句的will不符,所以BC选其一,B太拗口,而且上面说了,GMAT经常用将来时来误导我们,所以排除。注意,太拗口的句子一般不是正确选项。 |