求助！GWD3-15, GWD3-32

请问这两道题为什么不是选C呢？哪位大虾可以解释一下么？谢谢！

Q32:

Newspaper editorial:

In an attempt to reduce the crime rate, the governor is getting tough on criminals and making prison conditions harsher.  Part of this effort has been to deny inmates the access they formerly had to college-level courses.  However, this action is clearly counter to the governor’s ultimate goal, since after being released form prison, inmates who had taken such courses committed far fewer crimes overall than other inmates.

划线部分怎么理解呢？是以前接触过大学课程的罪犯被排除在这种课程之外吗？

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

1. Not being able to take college-level courses while in prison is unlikely to deter anyone from a crime that he or she might otherwise have committed.


2. Former inmates are no more likely to commit crimes than are members of the general population.


3. The group of inmates who chose to take college-level courses were not already less likely than other inmates to commit crimes after being released.


4. Taking high school level courses in prison has less effect on an inmate’s subsequent behavior than taking college-level courses does.


5. The governor’s ultimate goal actually is to gain popularity by convincing people that something effective is being done about crime.

这到题怎么推理的？指点一下啊！

Q12 to Q15:

      In its 1903 decision in the case

       of Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock, the United

       States Supreme Court rejected the

Line       efforts of three Native American tribes

  (5)       to prevent the opening of tribal lands

to non-Indian settlement without tribal

consent.  In his study of the Lone

Wolf case, Blue Clark properly

emphasizes the Court’s assertion

(10)      of a virtually unlimited unilateral power

of Congress (the House of Represen-

tatives and the Senate) over Native

American affairs. But he fails to note

the decision’s more far-reaching

(15)      impact: shortly after Lone Wolf, the

federal government totally abandoned

negotiation and execution of formal

written agreements with Indian tribes

as a prerequisite for the implemen-

(20)      tation of federal Indian policy.  Many

commentators believe that this change

had already occurred in 1871 when—

following a dispute between the

       House and the Senate over which

(25)      chamber should enjoy primacy in

Indian affairs—Congress abolished

the making of treaties with Native

American tribes.  But in reality the

federal government continued to nego-

(30)      tiate formal tribal agreements past

the turn of the century, treating these

documents not as treaties with sover-

       eign nations requiring ratification by the

Senate but simply as legislation to be

(35)      passed by both houses of Congress.

       The Lone Wolf decision ended this

era of formal negotiation and finally

did away with what had increasingly

become the empty formality of obtain-

ing tribal consent.

Q15:

According to the passage, which of the following resulted from the Lone Wolf decision?

1. The Supreme Court took on a greater role in Native American affairs.


2. Native American tribes lost their legal standing as sovereign nations in their dealings with the federal government, but their ownership of tribal lands was confirmed.


3. The federal government no longer needed to conclude a formal agreement with a Native American tribe in order to carry out policy decisions that affected the tribe.


4. The federal government began to appropriate tribal lands for distribution to non-Indian settlers.


5. Native American tribes were no longer able to challenge congressional actions by appealing to the Supreme Court.

本人也认为该选“C”,见红字部分，另外，E的回答是根据文章推出的（见兰字，这种推理合理马？）， 求各位高见！