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og13上几道困惑的语法题 知道的牛牛们帮忙解答一下吧!!感激不尽感激不尽!!

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发表于 2013-5-21 23:28:12 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
The world Wildlife Fund has declared that global warming, a phenonmenon most scientists agree to be caused by human beings in burning fossil fuels, will create havoc among migratory birds by altering the environment in ways harmful to their habitats.
正确答案是:a phenomenon that most scientists agree is caused by human beings' burning of fossil fuel
其中有一个错误答案是这样的: which most scientists agree on as a phenomenon caused by human beings who burn fossil fuel. 不太明白这个选项为啥错了呢???

Last week local shrimpers held a news conference to take some credit for the resurgence of the rare Kemp's ridley turtle, saying that their compliance with laws requring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect adult sea turtles.
正确答案是:requring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting.
其中有个错误选项是这样的:that require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets are protecting.很困惑为啥在这里不能用that从句呢,而要替换成requring的形式,而且原句在requring后有that,这不就正好是用that从句来说明require的内容吗??为什么在正确答案中又要去掉that呢???

As an actress and , more importantly, as a teacher of acting,Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theather, who trained several generations of actors including Marlon Brando and Robert De Niro.
正确答案是:Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, training several generations of actors whose ranks included
其中有一个错误答案是:Stella Adler, one of the most influential artists in the  American theater,trained several generations of actors who include. 觉得这个错误选项也解释的通呀 ,这个是哪里错了呢????知道的牛牛们帮忙解答一下吧!!感激不尽感激不尽!!


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沙发
发表于 2013-5-22 09:21:26 | 只看该作者
1题,在这里a phenonmenon 不是由人类本身造成的,而是由人类的行为造成的,所以这里要用by human beings' burning of fossil fuel。

2题,动词不能用are protecting,而要用is protecting 来对应their compliance 这个抽象名词。

3题,错误选项除了主句降格为修饰语外,trained 也容易让人误以为是过去分词作状语引起修饰错误。还有一个问题就是actors who include,翻译过来就是“演员包括。。。。”用中文的思维似乎是没问题,但英语里不这么认为。actors也是指人,这就等于说是“人包括人”。这是不符合常理的,所以必须要说“这些演员的范围包括”所以用whose ranks included。
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