（四） 解题步骤 步骤1：依据题干中的特征词来判断问题题型 Question： Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage? Answer: 主旨题 主题题常见提问方式 （1）针对文章的大意提问 （目的性主题题） The primary purpose of the passage is to….. The passage focuses primarily on which of the following… （2）针对文章的结构提问 （写法型主题题） Which of the following is the most accurate description of the organization of the passage? The author organizes the passage by…….. （3）其他提问方式 （标题题） 对文章题目title的提问 Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage, based on its content? 变相提问 （变相主题题） The passage would be most likely to appear as part of… 步骤2：通篇详略读→抓核心→确定文章类型 例题 Questions 1-3 Complete the summary of specific opinions on the research of the slaves’ achievements and the union with close kin from Herbert Gutman. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 1-3on your answer sheet. In his 1976 study of slavery in the United States, Herbert Gutman, like Fogel, Engerman, and Genovese, has rightly stressed the slaves' achievements. But ... (1) ... these historians, Gutman gives plantation owners little credit for these achievements. ... (2)... , Gutman argues that one must look to the Black family and the slaves' extended kinship system to understand how crucial achievements ... (3).... the maintenance of a cultural heritage and the development of a communal consciousness, were possible. His findings compel attention. 参考答案： 1、 differs from 通过上一句话中的like和but可以确定这里表示转折即Herbert Gutman与其他历史学家的不同见解 2、 however 通常来说独立的一个词后面紧跟着逗号都是表示转折意义的，而且结合对空格处以上内容的理解也能够确认这一信息 3 、for example; for instance; take for example; 我们必须把眼光投向黑人家庭以及奴隶们广泛悠久的亲属体系，方能理解那些至关重要的成就，…..诸如文化遗产的维持以及集体意识的发展，是如何成为可能的。在这里透露着这样一个隐含信息：空格后面都是关于“至关重要的成就”，即为列举，当然这里的列举绝非简单地一个一个名词的排列，而是以句子作为一个独立的个体 Complete the table below giving evidence for the union with close kin from Herbert Gutman Write your answers in boxes 4 and 6 on your answer sheet. 步骤3：带着问题回到原文精确定位→结合定位处以及周边信息来排除选项 （五） 总结 总体来说，判断整篇文章的结构类型，Topic Sentence, Structural Elements及作者态度是做主题题的基础。因此，初读一篇文章时，掌握文章的行文思路和整体框架就成了解答此类题型的突破口。本题中，通过找出每个小意群的意思，来了解掌握本文的框架结构，进而更好的判断文章的主旨。
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发表于 2012-1-17 21:25:31
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