In astronomy the term "red shift" denotes the extent to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted toward the red, or long-wave, end of the light spectrum by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the earth.
把E放进来就是: In astronomy the term "red shift" denotes the extent of the shift of light from a distant galaxy toward the red end of the light spectrum by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the earth。
OG 说by rapid motion 需要一个动词 例如:shifted by the rapid motion
1, the extent到后面找to ---> whenever there is 'extent', it is very likely there is a 'to' somewhere as 'to the extent', like 'in a degree', is an idiom --> 就是考的那个'to'
2, 又by,到前面找passive voice --->look at the 2nd half of the sentence, there is a 'by the rapid motion', u should use passive voice in the first half.