[分享] AWA 6 分

没想到在英国考这么快，不到十天就出作文了，6分，跟大家分享一下复习过程和模板

我不是牛人，所以还是花了些时间练作文的。考前12天开始，前几天先把OG题库全部看一遍，参考孙远提纲，每天40个，看得恶心死了。那个孙远，倒是省时间不用自己挨个想，只是太模式化，有时候还故作高深的用些我看不懂的单词短语，根本没必要，美国人也不一定认识。然后每天按时间argument & issue各一篇，然后对照CD下的范文修改，这遍很重要，可以拓展思路，借鉴词句。再给gg和一个美国人改，gg侧重内容观点的丰实，美国人改语法。再感谢一下gg，考的那篇issue正是我练笔的时候写不出来的，拼命只凑了350，gg帮我全面透彻的分析了一下，还改写了很大部分，呵呵，考试就照搬idea啦。

之外还看了800SCORE作文里面美国人的20篇范文，吸收了些结构。这个东西前面好像还有些具体的策略好像挺有用，比如说不要像苹果广告里的THINK DIFFERENT，只要把COMMEN SENSE表达的清晰有力就好。不过我没时间就花了30分钟浏览了一下，如果觉得时间多可以稍微看一下。不过范文的长度千万别参考，那种200多的就没指望拿分了。

我练作文的长度第一次两篇都是300出头，以后每次确保在400以上。写不出来就正反各打八十大板，再挑顺眼的观点再说两句，一般字数就没太大问题了。千万别太执著于自己的观点立场，这是应试，只考查你的写作能力和一点点思辨能力，不是考查你的价值观。考前用台式机练了两次，其实没什么差别，用本本的不用担心。最后一天又把本月出现过的题全部看了一遍提纲，不过也没考到。至于例子是一个没看，不过考试的时候还是编了一两个的，编不出来那种举例的关键词也一定要出现，估计e-rater就按关键词评分。

觉得机考作文还是主要靠字数、结构然后才是观点和表达。时间紧张的牢牢抓住前两者就可以保个基本分了。考试的时候放轻松，我开始就很紧张，老打错字，搞得很烦躁，建议大家进考场后在里面多磨蹭一会儿再开始考试，尽量找到在家练习的感觉。开头结尾起承转合的时候尽量用闪入脑海的第二种方式，第一种可能太滥了自己写的都不喜欢，评分的更烦。考试我先写的argument，居然写了4个主体段，还想写第5个的时候觉得太散了，就把前面的补充了一下。一般3个主体段就好了，2个显得单薄，不能反映你思维的严密性。

下面也不算模板，只是收集的一些套句，除了前人的模板还有OG范文、阅读、逻辑里面的一些句子，以及800SCORE和224范文里面的一点点，把我觉得用的太滥的一些去掉了。大家可以参考。

ISSUE

Active voice strengths your argument.

Avoid mentioning the author; use ‘the argument/statement’

Introduction

Many people propose / argue / feel / assert / believe that …, and correspondingly / hence / thus,…. On the other hand, it can be noted that …

However, this claim seems to be more of a normative statement than an empirical observation.

There is not a universal answer to this question, and whether one choice takes precedence over / is superior to the other may quite rely on a case-by-case analysis / depend on the specific situation.

Supportive Body

It is reasonable to expect that

However, the argument is too vague and fails to define

To illustrate, let us consider that … /A good example may be found in the case that…/ lend strong support to…/ For example,…/Considering that…/ People who argue that…should look at the example./ This is especially true/notable in the case that…/ One need only look at …

In addition, there is anther reason for me to support this statement / Another equally important aspect / factor is that…

Conversely,…

Contrary to…,…

让步

Although / Admittedly, it may be true that… in some conditions. However, this alone does not constitute a sufficient support to… / it is most often the case…/ It would be more realistic to…

Actually, these cases are rare and therefore are too specific and too weak to strengthen the view that

Conclusion

Consequently, due to the above-mentioned reasons,  we may safely arrive at / draw / reach the conclusion that…, because…

ARGUMENT

Statement

The author argues, citing / using facts from…, that…

The article above argues that … based on the generalization that…

The report recommends …in response to a relationship between

The grounds for … are that … are traced to…

At first glance, the author’s argument appears to be somehow appealing, while a close examination will reveal how groundless it is.

The argument that …omits some important concerns that must be addressed to substantiate the argument.

The statement that…does simply…without justification.

In this argument, the author concludes that.. To support his conclusion, the author points out that… In addition, he reasons that…

This argument is unconvincing / problematic for several reasons.

While the argument has some merits, it suffers from several critical problems.

Body

…will not automatically translate into

Aside from any issues relating to…the argument…

Distort

Unwarranted

groundless/flawed

In a weak attempt to support its claim, the argument …

This assumption is unsupported and runs contrary to experience

Thus, there is no guarantee of/ that…

This alone does not constitute a logical argument in favor of …, and it certainly does not provide support or proof of the main argument.

…provides grounds for holding that…

Cast doubt on/undermine/seriously weaken/call into question

Vested Interest

We have strong reasons to question the creditability and neutrality of the survey in which the conductor has vested interest and, therefore is inclined to manipulate the figures to his own advantage/and therefore is prone to take the position to his own advantage.

Alternative explanation

First, the argument assumes that a correlation proves causality.

To establish a general causal relationship, other factors that could bring about this result must be considered and eliminated.

The fact that …coincide with … does not necessarily prove that … caused …

The report's recommendations are not worthy of consideration if there is no compelling evidence to support the causal connection between these two events.

One challenge / Another possibility / An alternative explanation could be/is that…

In fact, the author has obviously neglected / fail to take into account the possibility of other alternative facts such as…, or … may contribute to a certain extent to

Such ambiguities reveal the arbitrariness of this argument and suggest that, although...,…

Therefore, this argument is unwarranted without ruling out such possibility.

Gratuitous assumption

Yet two years/eighteen months is sufficient time for a significant change in the overall

In the first place, this argument rests on a gratuitous assumption that ….

The author unfairly assumes that…. However, the assumption is questionable because the author provides no evidence to support this argument.

After this, therefore

First, the author commits the "After This, Therefore, Because of This" fallacy where the author assumes that…

In no case can the mere fact that… be cited as evidence to support the assumption that there is a causal-effect relationship between…and …. It may be only a coincidence that …

Analogy fallacy

First, the argument uses a faulty analogy between… and…

Analogies drawn between the two … are highly suspect because there are many serious differences.

There is an assumption that a number of factors will remain relatively stable from…to…

In the fourth place, the argument has also committed a false analogy fallacy. The argument rests on the assumption that A is analogous to B in all respects, and the author assumes without justification that all things are equal, and that the background conditions have remained the same at different times or at different locations. There is, however, no guarantee that this is the case. Nor does the author cite any evidence to support this assumption. Lacking this assumption, the conclusion that … is entirely unfounded.

In fact, it is highly doubtful that the facts drawn from B are applicable to A. Differences between A and B clearly out weight the similarities, thus making the analogy highly less than valid.

For example, A..., however, B.... Thus, it is likely much more difficult for B to do....

Specification to generalization

Second, the author uses a sweeping generalization.

It is not logical to reason from a particular statement (about/that) …to a general statement…

The argument is weak because it makes a generalization on the basis of an exceptional case / only one example.

In the third place, the evidence that the author provides is insufficient to support the conclusion drawn from it. Unless the arguer can show that A1 is representative of all A, the conclusion that B… is completely unwarranted. In fact, in face of such limited evidence, it is fallacious to draw any conclusion at all.

Either or

Besides, the author assumes that A and B are mutually exclusive alternatives. However, the author has never offered any reasons or evidences for imposing an either/or choice. Common sense and observation tells us that adjoining both A and B might produce better results.

Poll

The first objection to this argument is the validity of the survey. The statement is incomplete because it does not adequately describe the conditions of the survey.

The argument is solely based on a survey of

In addition, the conclusion unjustifiably relies on the poll while the validity of the survey itself is doubtful. The poll cited by the author is too vague to be informative. The claim does not indicate who, when, how and by whom the survey is conducted, neither does it mention what is the sample size, or how the samples are selected. Until these questions are answered the results are worthless as evidence to support that….

让步

But, you might object that…/you may reply,…Here I part company. Theoretically, you may be correct in claiming that …Practically, you are wrong.

Conclusion

To sum up, the conclusion lacks credibility because the evidence cited in the analysis does not lend strong support to what the author claims.  

The author could strengthen argument that …by demonstrating that…

In sum, the conclusion about …cannot be reasonably drawn from the survey's information. The survey's accuracy is not adequately explained and the surveys results are illogically extended to draw an unsupported generalization.

In the final analysis…

If it included the items discussed above instead of solely explaining…, the argument would have been more thorough and convincing.

Because the argument leaves out several key issues / commits the above mentioned logical mistakes/ fails to consider the whole situation comprehensively, it is not sound or persuasive.

To make the argument more convincing concerning, the arguer would have to provide more information that… The arguer should also demonstrate that…to make this argument logically acceptable.

To strengthen the argument, the arguer must convince us of / that…. In addition, the arguer could have to provide more precise information to support his claim.

沙发

恭喜！准备好充分哦

谢谢啊

获益良多

辛苦