[SC总结] IT用法总结

GMAT语法中，代词一般不能用来指代整个句子，一般只能指代名词或者名词结构；唯一的例外是It，it在句首做形式主语可以指代后面的不定式或者主语从句，但这一般只限于it做形式主语。举两个例子如下：

38. Scientists have observed large concentrations of heavy-metal deposits in the upper twenty centimeters of Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there.

(A)  Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there

(B)  Baltic Sea sediments, where the growth of industrial activity is consistent with these findings

(C)  Baltic Sea sediments, findings consistent with its growth of industrial activity

(D)  sediments from the Baltic Sea, findings consistent with the growth of industrial activity in the area

(E)   sediments from the Baltic Sea, consistent with the growth of industrial activity there

In A and B the words which and where appear to refer to sediments, and in E it is not clear what consistent describes.

在这里，which就不能指代Scientists have…sediments，而要用概括性名词做同位语（D选现）来表达Scientists have…sediments与工业活动增长一致。

49. The cameras of the Voyager II spacecraft detected six small, previously unseen moons circling Uranus, which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting the distant planet

(A)  which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting

(B)   doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known to orbit

(C)    which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known in orbit around

(D)  doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting

(E)   which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known that orbit

The pronoun which should be used to refer to a previously mentioned noun, not to the idea expreersonName>ssersonName>ed in an entire clause. In A, C, and E, which seems to refer to a vague concept invol­ving the detection of moons, but there is no specific noun, such as detection, to which it can refer.

OG明确说了，which不可以指代前面句子表达的意思，这种情况下只能用分词短语来代替，因此答案是B。

这样的例子在OG和大全中还有很多，限于时间关系，我就不多举了。回到楼主举的例子：

60. According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, like that of earlier generations.

(A)  like that of earlier generations

(B)   as that for earlier generations

(C)  just as earlier generations did

(D)  as have earlier generations

(E)   as it was of earlier generations

In E, the best choice, it refers unambiguously to the phrasal subject owning ... land

这不是句子啊，这是动名词结构啊。

我的三位考到760分以上的朋友在和我分享经验的时候都告诉我，GMAT语法是相对严格的商业英语，它的很多规则和我们平常英语语法是不一样的。在这种情况下，要想在考试中取得好成绩，最好的办法就是抠死OG。OG是唯一的权威。其他地方来的信息只能做参考。而且我个人认为在现在时间紧迫的情况下，其他语法书根本不用看，最有效的办法就是反反复复看OG。如果还有时间拿大全来练练。建议大家以后举例证明自己观点的时候，最好用OG的解释，OG的例子或者是大全里的例子。