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Early experiments in light-sensitive images
were conducted in France by the chemist Joseph N.
Niepce. When he died in 1833, Niepce's photography
process was taken up and perfected by Louis J. M.
Daguerre.
Daguerre's procedure involved coating a
copper plate with a light-sensitive emulsion, which,
when exposed to light for 5 to 40 minutes, produced an
image on the plate. Because there was no negative,
as in modern film, the image, called a daguerreotype,
was unique and could not be duplicated. In August
1839, he made his process public, and word of it
spread far and wide.
After accounts of Daguerre's process
appeared in United States newspapers, a
Philadelphian, Joseph Saxon, produced what is
believed to be the first daguerreotype in the United
States. Robert Cornelius, a manufacturer of metal
lamps in Philadelphia, was also one of the first to
produce daguerreotypes, operating a studio from
1839 to 1842. His partner, Dr. Paul Beck Goddard,
a chemistry professor at the University of
Pennsylvania, discovered bromine, which reduced
the exposure time necessary to produce an image
sufficiently to make posing for a portrait possible.
Philadelphia's credentials as an early center
of photography were further established by the
exhibitions of daguerreotypes held at the Franklin
Institute and the American Philosophical Society in
late 1839 and 1840.
In New York, the painter Samuel F. B. Morse was
influential in the dissemination of the daguerreotype
process. Morse had been in Paris in 1839 and knew
Daguerre. When he returned, he began advocating
the use of the daguerreotype process by artists---as
president of the National Academy of Design, he was
in a good position to do so.
The original camera was little more than a wooden
box with a lens at one end and a sensitized plate at
the other. The process of making a daguerreotype
required only some mechanical aptitude and a little
knowledge of chemistry, but no artistic talent.
Suddenly anyone could produce images. This
in itself effected a revolution in picture making. By
1853 there were reportedly 2,000 daguerreotypists
practicing in the United States, most of whom were
in the business to make money, not art. However,
although the majority of early daguerreotypes had
a relatively low aesthetic threshold, there were many
powerful images among them showing perceptive
observation and great exactitude in every detail.
217. Why does the author mention the
laceName>NationallaceName> laceType>AcademylaceType> of Design in
the passage?
To emphasize Morse's
influence in the art world
To argue that artists ought to
have supported the work of
Morse
To give an example of one of
the places where Daguerre
displayed his work
To explain that both New York
and Paris were important
centers of art
答案是A,可我怎么也没看出来是A, 其他选项也都不像,万般无奈下我选了C.
为什么是A呢?
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发表于 2005-4-15 04:43:00
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