我贴一些以前的IBT的听力笔记吧,希望有帮助 笔记的记录方法 对话中的双线记录法 对话是一人一句,“呼应” T:------- S:--------- 讲座中的三段法 Topic Main idea: Supporting details:
新托福听力的试题可以分为三个类别:基本理解题(listening for basic comprehension)、语用理解题(pragmatic understanding)、信息关联题(connect information) 在练习当中注意对听力材料全篇内容的理解 基本理解题:(50%题为此种类型)基本理解题考查的是应试者理解重要(主要)信息和支持性细节的能力,分为两种:要点题和细节题。 要点题要求应试者理解分散在听力材料中的关键词汇、词组或事实,并通过综合分析来确定听力材料的要点。它主要考查应试者对于材料整体的把握。 例题(Sample questions): What is the passage talking about? 对于这类问题,相应的对策是: 第一,抓住对话和短文开头的一小段介绍。例如: Listen to a telephone conversation between a student and a professor. Listen to a conversation takes place in the library. 第二,抓对话和短文中的高频词。在听的过程中,如果反复听到某个词,这个词一定是该文的中心词。抓住了中心词,自然也就抓住了文章的要点。
细节题要求应试者理解并记住明确表述的细节或事实。作为要点的例证或者对要点的解释,这些细节或事实是很重要的。有的时候细节题的考查点可能是离题话中的一部分,或者与讲话要点无关。听时要注意采取“听内容,、听重点”的原则,学会分配听觉注意力。 细节题中通常会出现五个W和一个H这样的问题。 1)Where-question 这类问题中地点通常会在对话或短文中直接叙述出来。但是如果遇到没有直接叙述的情况,考生则应注意与地点有关的关键词语,通过关键词来判断地点。由于说话人有时要提到好几个地点,而试题只考察考查其中一个。,所以考生一定要有确切的判断,不能似是而非。 例题(Sample questions):: Where does the conversation most likely take place? Where does the man come from? Where did the man work/live before? Where does Dr. Francis suggest Li Ming should stay in college? 2) When-question 时间问题是听力测试考试的重点。有关时间的表达法我们在第二章中已经进行了讲解并进行了过一系列的训练。,但是时间出现在真正测试中新托福听力部分的对话和演讲实际考试中中,还需要注意要做到: a. 根据表示时间的关联词来判断事件发生的时间; b. 通过从句或短语来判断时间; c. 听清有关数字与数字之间的关系,能在短时间内进行简单的计算。 考试中考生可以把听到的表示时间的数字按顺序记下来,并记清它们之间的关系。当问题出现时,考生可以根据记忆回答问题。 例题(Sample questions):: In Which year did Walt Disney first begin creating cartoon animations? By when must the students discuss a potential topic with their teaching assistant? At what time does the man’s flight leave? When is the paper due for those not writing a rough draft? When was The Masses first published?
3) Which/Who-quesiton Which主要是对某种具体的事物进行提问;Who通常用来提问说话人的身份,动作的执行者或动作的接受者。 例题(Sample questions):: What problem does the man have? Which subject will John take? What is one reason Canadians began to immigrate to Maine during the 1800s. What will the woman probably do on Thursday afternoon? According to the talk, who owned receivers in the early days of radio? Who were the discontented individuals to whom Lincoln referred in his speech? To whom is the man speaking? Who is this speech, most probably meant for? 4) How-question 主要用来提问:年龄、距离、速度、时间、价格、数量等;说话人对某事物的感觉、反应,动作的方式、方法等。 例题(Sample questions):: How old is the woman? How long does it take them to get to England if they take train? How did the woman go to America? How did the students go to the city? How much money did the woman pay for the dress? 5) Why-question 这类问题主要对原因进行提问, 常与文中表示原因的句子形成因果关系。因此,听时需要注意because, because of, for, since, as, in order to, to等词引导的句子或短语。有时,则需要根据上下文来完成问题。 例题(Sample questions):: Why did Sherman Alexie only take day jobs? Why did the woman decide to enroll in the distance learning course? Why is the woman interested in working with Professor Smith? Why does the man need to talk to the woman about the class? |