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In Hamlet, Shakespeare uses several foil characters to emphasize Hamlet’s weakness by observing them in
            similar
                circumstances.
            They are Young Fortinbras,
            Laertes and one of the players from the scene. By contrasting the fate between the tragic hero and three men, the main reason for Hamlet’s tragedy is identified to be his lack of willpower,
            determination and masculinity.

 

Lack of willpower is the one of the main factors that causes Hamlet’s failure of his revenge. Like Hamlet, Fortinbras is the grieving son of a dead king, a prince whose uncle inherited the throne in his place. However where Hamlet has sunk into despair, contemplation, and indecision, Fortinbras has devoted himself to the pursuit of revenge. When the old king dies, the whole of Denmark is in chaos. Fortinbras assembles Norwegian troops and pesters Claudius to surrender the territories as the conquest from Norway. Despite the factor that young Fortinbras’ trick did not work out, it does not make him to give up his revenge. Before Hamlet gone to England, Hamlet sees Fortinbras and his two thousand men are fighting for a patch of ground belonging to Poland which is almost worthless, but a matter of honor. Hamlet shames by contrasting his cowardice to Fortinbras’ willpower. He defines his problem as thinking too much, it is revealed in his soliloquy: “I do not know why yet I live to say /This thing's to do, How stand I then, That have a father killed, a mother stained, Excitements of my reason and my blood/ And let all sleep—while, to my shame.” (Act 4, IV) Before Hamlet’s last breath, he exalts Fortinbras; he claims Fortinbras shall be the next king and Hamlet asks Horatio to gives his praise to Fortinbras. “But I do prophesy the election lights on Fortinbras, he has my dying voice. So tell him, with th' occurrents, more and less, which have solicited.” (Act5, II) Not only dose Hamlet admire Fortinbras’ willpower, but also Hamlet believes Fortinbras would lead Denmark to a powerful and wealthy country. At end of the story, Fortinbras achieves his revenge without sacrificing anything. Fortinbras’s fate is much more successful than Hamlet’s, not only because his great fortunes, but also his willpower and passion.

 

The difference between Hamlet and Laertes is that the latter one has more determination; it is proved in their different attitudes toward their factor of revenges. After Laertes notices Polonius’ death, he secretly sails back from France. When Claudius attempts to soothe him by frankly acknowledging that Polonius is dead, Laertes expresses his animosity to Claudius directly through the response. “That drop of blood that's calm proclaims me bastard, Cries “Cuckold!” to my father, brands the “harlot” Even here between the chaste unsmirchèd brows of my true mother.” (Act4, V) Laertes swears he would dedicate his consciences to hell, if it is necessary for his revenge: “How came he dead? I'll not be juggled with. To hell, allegiance! Vows, to the blackest devil! Conscience and grace, to the profoundest pit! I dare damnation. To this point I stand that both the worlds I give to negligence. Let come what comes; only I'll be revenged most thoroughly for my father.” (Act 4, V) Later on, Laertes decides to consent with Claudius’s premeditation—to get rid of Hamlet in some contemptuous way. On the other hand, because of Hamlet’s indecisiveness, he did not make any particular plans or take any actions, even when he has certified Claudius is the murder. Hamlet also passes up the opportunity to kill Claudius while Claudius is praying, because Hamlet thought Claudius would go to the heaven if he kills him during his prayer. “Now might I do it pat. Now he is a-praying. And now I'll do’t. And so he goes to heaven. And so am I revenged.—that would be scanned. No. Up, sword, and know thou a more horrid hent.”(Act 3, III) If Claudius had die at this stage, every thing could have been solved out. By end of the play, Hamlet’s hesitation is the direct cause to the tragic ending.

 

Hamlet immediately begins cursing himself, bitterly commenting that the player who gave the speech was able to summon a depth of feeling and expression for long-dead figures who mean nothing to him, while Hamlet is unable to take action even with his far more powerful motives. Hamlet demonstrates this in his second soliloquy. “He would drown the stage with tears and cleave the general ear with horrid speech make mad the guilty and appall the free, confound the ignorant, and amaze indeed the every faculties of eyes and ears.”(Act2, II) Hamlet also criticizes his indecisiveness in his soliloquy. “Yet I, a dull and muddy-mettled rascal, peak like John-a-dreams, unpregnant of my cause, and can say nothing-no, not for a king, upon whose property and most dear life a damned defeat was made.(Act2,II) The presence of players and play-acting within the play points to an important theme: Hamlet’s real life is in certain ways like play-acting.

 

Hamlet’s tragic ending shows us how many uncertainties our lives are built upon, how many unknown quantities are taken for granted when people act or evaluate one another’s actions.