求助托福阅读的一题，实在不好理解！纠结中

cyang16

Paragraph 3：At the upper timberline the trees begin to become twisted and deformed. This is particularly true for trees in the middle and upper latitudes, which tend to attain
            greater heights on ridges, whereas in the tropics the trees reach their greater heights in the valleys. This is because middle- and upper- latitude timberlines are strongly influenced by the duration and depth of the snow cover. As the snow is deeper and lasts longer in the valleys, trees tend to attain greater heights on the ridges, even though they are more exposed to high-velocity winds and poor, thin soils there. In the tropics, the valleys appear to be more favorable because they are less prone to dry out, they have less frost, and they have deeper soils.
8. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is true of trees in the middle and upperlatitudes?
○Tree growth is negatively affected by the snow cover in valleys.
○Tree growth is greater in valleys than on ridges.
○Tree growth on ridges is not affected by high-velocity winds.
○Tree growth lasts longer in those latitudes than it does in the tropics.
这题出现两种答案，一个是1，但是我觉得
negatively 有点程度副词的误用。
                                 第二个是3，根据even though they are more exposed to high-velocity winds and poor, thin soils there. 这句话来理解，even though在句子里出现，强调的是前面的As the snow 这句话。但是第3个答案里面有个Not，感觉也不对。所以很纠结！！
本人10月18号要考了，但是复习一直不是很理想，也不知道是不是思维与ETS出题老是不对还是干嘛，望高人指点！！

cyang16

再加一题

Paragraph 2: Nearly any kind of plant of the forest understory can be part of a deer's diet. Where the forest inhibits the growth of grass and other meadow plants, the black-tailed deer browses on huckleberry, salad, dogwood, and almost any other shrub or herb. But this is fair-weather feeding. What keeps the black-tailed deer alive in the harsher seasons of plant decoy and dormancy? One compensation for not hibernating is the built-in urge to migrate. Deer may move from high-elevation browse areas in summer down to the lowland areas in late fall. Even with snow on the ground, the high bushy understory is exposed; also snow and wind bring down leafy branches of cedar, hemlock, red alder, and other arboreal fodder.

2.  It can be inferred from the discussion in paragraph 2 that winter conditions
○ Cause some deer to hibernate
○ Make food unavailable in the highlands for deer
○ Make it easier for deer to locate understory plants
○Prevent deer from migrating during the winter
大家选啥？？

cyang16

第二题也是有两个老师的答案，一个是2，另一个是3.不过我觉得应该是3.

cyang16

再加一题！！！

Paragraph 4：Reduction in numbers of game should have boded ill for their survival in later times. A worsening of the plight of deer was to be expected as settlers encroached on the land, logging, burning, and clearing, eventually replacing a wilderness landscape with roads, cities, towns, and factories. No doubt the numbers of deer declined still further. Recall the fate of the Columbian white-tailed deer, now in a protected status. But for the black-tailed deer, human pressure has had just the opposite effect. Wild life zoologist Hulmut Buechner(1953), in reviewing the nature of biotic changes in Washington through recorded time, Says that "since the early 1940s, the state has had more deer than at any other time in its history, the winter population fluctuating around approximately 320,000 deer (mule and black-tailed deer), which will yield about 65,000 of either sex and any age annually for an indefinite period
                    

9. Which of the following statements about deer populations is supported by the information in paragraph 4?
                    

○Deer populations reached their highest point during the 1940s and then began to decline.
                    

○The activities of settlers contributed in unexpected ways to the growth of some deer populations in later times.
                    

○The cleaning of wilderness land for construction caused biotic changes from which the black-tailed deer population has never recovered.
                    

○Since the 1940s the winter populations of deer have fluctuated more than the summer populations have.
                    

cyang16

连续加题

Paragraph ５:In addition to exploring the possible antecedents（前提，先例） of theater, scholars have also theorized about the motives that led people to develop theater. Why did theater develop, and why was it valued after it ceased to fulfill the function of ritual? Most answers fall back on the theories about the human mind and basic human needs. One, set forth by Aristotle in the fourth century B.C., sees humans as naturally imitative—as taking pleasure in imitating persons, things, and actions and in seeing such imitations. Another, advanced in the twentieth century, suggests that humans have a gift for fantasy, through which they seek to reshape reality into more satisfying forms than those encountered in daily life. Thus, fantasy or fiction (of which drama is one form) permits people to objectify their anxieties and fears, confront them, and fulfill their hopes in fiction if not fact. The theater, then, is one tool whereby people define and understand their world or escape from unpleasant realities.

 9. Which of the following best describes the organization of paragraph 5?

○The author presents two theories for a historical phenomenon.

○The author argues against theories expressed earlier in the passage.

○The author argues for replacing older theories with a new one.

○The author points out problems with two popular theories.

这题当初就是在1和4里徘徊。