ChaseDream

标题: OG12-SC42, 老题新问 [打印本页]

作者: sunking37 时间: 2011-8-2 12:05
标题: OG12-SC42, 老题新问
42. Scientists have recently discovered what could be the
largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant
fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and
rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore
some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than
30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.
(A) extending
(B) extends
(C) extended
(D) it extended
(E) is extending
关于这道题已经有很多NN讨论过了，我在总结过程中却又有两个问题想不通……
总结之前讨论帖可以不难明白extending和spawned两个分词平行，一个表还在进行，一个表已经结束。勉强可以接受。但是问题来了
1. 这两个并列分词是修饰谁的？理论上说分词前面没有“，”就应该就近修饰，所以是修饰“rootlike tentacles”，这样想没错吧？
但是OG对于C选项的解释是这样的“Extended looks parallel to spawned, but this phrase would mean that the fungus extended only in the past when the fungus clearly lives on in the present.” 这个解释的言外之意是不是就是说spawned和extended/extending（先不论那个是正确的选项）是修饰fungus的？

2.“ , a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.” 这一整个半句要怎么断句啊？“that is...”是不是证明a giant fungus后面是一个同位语从句？那也就是说“，”后面不是一个完整句子，没有谓语和宾语……我这样理解对吗？各位NN救命啊……

作者: sunking37 时间: 2011-8-2 12:22
自己顶一下，坐等NN

作者: 弗拉多 时间: 2011-8-2 16:12
1.参考了一下Ron大神的解释，结构如下，fungus有2个修饰部分，1个是红括号内的，2是蓝色部分
p.s: 蓝色部分也可认为是修饰filigree的，但绝不是mushrooms and rootlike tentacles

a giant fungus（ that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles )spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest

2.对的

作者: sunking37 时间: 2011-8-3 16:40

1.参考了一下Ron大神的解释，结构如下，fungus有2个修饰部分，1个是红括号内的，2是蓝色部分
p.s: 蓝色部分也可认为是修饰filigree的，但绝不是mushrooms and rootlike tentacles

a giant fungus（ that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles )spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest

2.对的

-- by 会员弗拉多 (2011/8/2 16:12:53)

谢谢你的回复，第二个问题我自己已经弄明白啦，呵呵
但是第一个问题，我记得论坛里面有人说过：分词前如果没有“，”就是就近修饰，这个结论是错的？
纠结啊

作者: 金中水青 时间: 2011-8-11 11:46
同问~
spawned和extending这个并列是修饰fungus还是rootlike tentacles还是filigree？这三个大家都有说过，到底是哪个比较合理呢？

作者: sandychen168 时间: 2011-8-22 11:23

2.“ ,a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.” 这一整个半句要怎么断句啊？“that is...”是不是证明a giant fungus后面是一个同位语从句？那也就是说“，”后面不是一个完整句子，没有谓语和宾语……我这样理解对吗？各位NN救命啊……

-- by 会员 sunking37 (2011/8/2 12:05:17)

关于第二点，并不完全正确，你只能说a giant fungus是同位语，但that引导的不是同位语从句而是定语从句。因为同位语从句与定语从句的区别在于that引导词在同位语从句里不做成分，而这里that作主语，明显that引导的是定语从句而不是同位语从句。

作者: gato 时间: 2011-10-24 10:33

觉得ron解释得很对，但是我也很困惑楼主说的ving 和 ved 到底修饰谁的问题。

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-1-28 12:53
http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/sc-rootlike-tentacles-spawned-by-a-single-fertilized-spore-t10245.html还是小迷惑

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-1-28 13:40
我觉得前面某同学贴的Ron的解释没错的

至于v-ing和v-ed的平行问题，这是允许的，见Manhattan SC page 216
spawned和extending都属于 "(3) Adj. and participles"这一类，完全满足Parrallelism要求。

从这一道题，我个人的总结是，Parrallelism不能停留于形式主义，永远都要关注句意逻辑。如果根据形式上的“平行”选择了extended，逻辑上就说不过去。

类似这样的例子，还有一道关于cattle的transgenic的题目（找不到了，大致写下），not only to acquire new traits but also because ...
这题的干扰选项就有not only because ... but also because ... 完美的平行结构，但是逻辑上说不过去

觉得ron解释得很对，但是我也很困惑楼主说的ving 和 ved 到底修饰谁的问题。

-- by 会员 gato (2011/10/24 10:33:31)

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-1-28 14:07

我觉得前面某同学贴的Ron的解释没错的

至于v-ing和v-ed的平行问题，这是允许的，见Manhattan SC page 216
spawned和extending都属于 "(3) Adj. and participles"这一类，完全满足Parrallelism要求。

从这一道题，我个人的总结是，Parrallelism不能停留于形式主义，永远都要关注句意逻辑。如果根据形式上的“平行”选择了extended，逻辑上就说不过去。

类似这样的例子，还有一道关于cattle的transgenic的题目（找不到了，大致写下），not only to acquire new traits but also because ...
这题的干扰选项就有not only because ... but also because ... 完美的平行结构，但是逻辑上说不过去

觉得ron解释得很对，但是我也很困惑楼主说的ving 和 ved 到底修饰谁的问题。

-- by 会员 gato (2011/10/24 10:33:31)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/1/28 13:40:36)

看到啦，
comman parallelism categories
others: (1)working number
(2)Infinitives
(3)Adjectives and participles
(4)Clause

假如一个巨子 A that is a ····and extends这样对不
我对答案想的时候毫不犹豫的选了B，现在如果修饰的是filigree,那我的就是错的，但把这道题抛开，就单纯的看这样的一个定语从句，不知道对否

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-1-28 14:49
这问题我不知道.....呼唤NN
我个人感觉，仅凭语感，最好是 A that is a ... and that extends
不过这题，OG解释了：
B Extends is a present tense verb, not the
participle needed for parallel structure; the
ostensible parallel between extends and the
distant verb is is superficial and would result
in an awkward and unclear sentence.

这题还是从必须理解逻辑含义才能做对。

假如一个巨子 A that is a ····and extends这样对不
我对答案想的时候毫不犹豫的选了B，现在如果修饰的是filigree,那我的就是错的，但把这道题抛开，就单纯的看这样的一个定语从句，不知道对否

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/28 14:07:35)

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-1-28 15:40
我翻了下总结的第og 47题的E选项
In 1713, Alexander Pope began his translation of the
Iliad, a work that, taking him seven years until
completion, and that literary critic Samuel Johnson,
Pope’s contemporary, pronounced the greatest
translation in any language.
(A) his translation of the Iliad, a work that, taking
him seven years until completion, and that
literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope’s
contemporary, pronounced
(B) his translation of the Iliad, a work that took him
seven years to complete and that literary critic
Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary,
pronounced
(C) his translation of the Iliad, a work that had taken
seven years to complete and that literary critic
Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary,
pronounced it as
(D) translating the Iliad, a work that took seven
years until completion and that literary critic
Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary,
pronounced it as
(E) translating the Iliad, a work that had taken seven
years to complete and literary critic Samuel
Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced it

a work that ······and SJ pronounced
og说 the coordinating conjunction introduces inappropriate empasis on Jonson's description,and the expression is awkward and unclear
也就是说少了个that 导致句子重心转移

a work that ····and SJ pronounced
这样还是不对

manhattan说
parallel clauses should start with same word

I want to retire to a place where I can relax and that has a low taxes
错误

还是要严格遵循平行，不知道这样解释是否正确

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-1-28 15:58
赞啊~~谢谢suri
那就说如果那么并列，extends前面必须加that吧？

我翻了下总结的第og 47题的E选项
In 1713, Alexander Pope began his translation of the
Iliad, a work that, taking him seven years until
completion, and that literary critic Samuel Johnson,
Pope’s contemporary, pronounced the greatest
translation in any language.
(A) his translation of the Iliad, a work that, taking
him seven years until completion, and that
literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope’s
contemporary, pronounced
(B) his translation of the Iliad, a work that took him
seven years to complete and that literary critic
Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary,
pronounced
(C) his translation of the Iliad, a work that had taken
seven years to complete and that literary critic
Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary,
pronounced it as
(D) translating the Iliad, a work that took seven
years until completion and that literary critic
Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary,
pronounced it as
(E) translating the Iliad, a work that had taken seven
years to complete and literary critic Samuel
Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced it

a work that ······and SJ pronounced
og说 the coordinating conjunction introduces inappropriate empasis on Jonson's description,and the expression is awkward and unclear
也就是说少了个that 导致句子重心转移

a work that ····and SJ pronounced
这样还是不对

manhattan说
parallel clauses should start with same word

I want to retire to a place where I can relax and that has a low taxes
错误

还是要严格遵循平行，不知道这样解释是否正确

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/28 15:40:59)

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-1-28 17:32
我觉得还是加上that,但也不能太绝对，关键是把握句子逻辑意思，具体问题具体分析~~~我发现现在总结题目有些点啊真的是有点前后矛盾的感觉

赞啊~~谢谢suri
那就说如果那么并列，extends前面必须加that吧？

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/28 15:40:59)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/1/28 15:58:04)

作者: jamesch 时间: 2012-1-28 22:44
请问“ a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore
some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.”这部分是作为什么成分出现在句子里的?是独立主格还是what的同位语？

作者: Suri在奋斗 时间: 2012-1-29 00:56
是同位语， a giant organism的同位语

作者: jamesch 时间: 2012-1-29 22:14

是同位语， a giant organism的同位语

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/29 0:56:19)

我的意思是这一整段段东西是作为之前what的同位语出现，还是单独作为独立主格，或者是其它？搞不明白啊~

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-1-29 23:53
suri说得对，是属于同位语(appositive)，同时在结构上也算独立主格(absolute phrase = noun + noun modifier)

Scientists have recently discovered what could be the
largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant
fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and
rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore
some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than
30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

这句话从整体上看，青色部分是很典型的appositive的结构，修饰的是紫色部分，青色部分作为appositive的是一个absolute phrase：
( ) fungus (that is Y) (spawned and extending)

关于"COMMA+appositive"，这个appositive的修饰对象，分为两种情况，Ron在这里讲的很详细：
http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/post35386.html#p35386

我编2个简单的例子吧
Scientists found that plants undergo photosynthesis, a process taken place in chloroplasts within the cells.
Scientists found that plants undergo photosynthesis, a finding fundamental to biological sciences.
你看，同样的appositive结构，修饰对象不同，所以说appositive修饰什么要从句意逻辑上去理解。

是同位语， a giant organism的同位语

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/29 0:56:19)

我的意思是这一整段段东西是作为之前what的同位语出现，还是单独作为独立主格，或者是其它？搞不明白啊~

-- by 会员 jamesch (2012/1/29 22:14:52)

作者: jamesch 时间: 2012-1-31 10:42

suri说得对，是属于同位语(appositive)，同时在结构上也算独立主格(absolute phrase = noun + noun modifier)

Scientists have recently discovered what could be the
largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant
fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and
rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore
some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than
30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

这句话从整体上看，青色部分是很典型的appositive的结构，修饰的是紫色部分，青色部分作为appositive的是一个absolute phrase：
( ) fungus (that is Y) (spawned and extending)

关于"COMMA+appositive"，这个appositive的修饰对象，分为两种情况，Ron在这里讲的很详细：
http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/post35386.html#p35386

我编2个简单的例子吧
Scientists found that plants undergo photosynthesis, a process taken place at chloroplasts within the cells.
Scientists found that plants undergo photosynthesis, a finding fundamental to biological sciences.
你看，同样的appositive结构，修饰对象不同，所以说appositive修饰什么要从句意逻辑上去理解。

是同位语， a giant organism的同位语

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/29 0:56:19)

我的意思是这一整段段东西是作为之前what的同位语出现，还是单独作为独立主格，或者是其它？搞不明白啊~

-- by 会员 jamesch (2012/1/29 22:14:52)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/1/29 23:53:10)

MM你讲的真好，一直很关注你的帖子，质量都非常高，相信你一定会拿高分，加油！

作者: jamesch 时间: 2012-1-31 10:47
BTW，不知MM是否方便移步 http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-598582-1-1.html
看下我说的有没有道理，探讨探讨~

作者: 米米时代007 时间: 2012-1-31 12:56
这道题不知道filigree是啥意思就不知道extending是修饰这"银丝”的，词汇量啊词汇量

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-1-31 14:14
谢谢你鼓励~~你提的问题很好，其实我最早也像你那么想的，然后才去找理由说服自己，希望也能说服你

我回了http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-598582-3-1.html

BTW，不知MM是否方便移步 http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-598582-1-1.html
看下我说的有没有道理，探讨探讨~

-- by 会员 jamesch (2012/1/31 10:47:33)

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-1-31 14:29
没关系，我也不知道filigree啥意思，但咱要在有生词的时候也会做题目。我后来总结，可以这么想：

原句
Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than
30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

逗号后面的部分提炼一下：
a fungus that is (an interwoven) F of mushrooms and T spawned ( ) and extending ( )
我不懂filigree是啥意思，也不懂tentacles啥意思，用字母表示，如上。
那么上面的我看F前面interwoven是adj.，且有冠词an，我就知道F必然是个名词。T肯定是个和mushrooms并列的名词，不管它。
于是 (an interwoven) F of mushrooms and T 整个就是个名词，简化为X
就得出：
a fungus that is X spawned and extending
这样核心就出来了：extending那里必须跟spawned平行，也就是说必须是participle ("extended" or "extending")
而我们知道extend是主动的动词： Sth extends. Sth is extending.
所以这里就必须用extending而不是extended.

这道题不知道filigree是啥意思就不知道extending是修饰这"银丝”的，词汇量啊词汇量

-- by 会员米米时代007 (2012/1/31 12:56:00)

作者: 米米时代007 时间: 2012-1-31 18:08
嗯可是我不认识的话会认为extend和is平行呀？会认为主语是that，练SC 的后果==。。

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-1-31 19:53

我之前和suri dd也讨论过这个，见本主题楼层9-13

嗯可是我不认识的话会认为extend和is平行呀？会认为主语是that，练SC 的后果==。。

-- by 会员米米时代007 (2012/1/31 18:08:22)

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-2-4 12:58
刚发现一道跟这题几乎一个模子下造出来的题....
发现OG很多题都是，深入挖掘下，背后蕴藏一个“题库”

The increased popularity and availability of televisions has led to the decline of regional dialects, language variations {which originate from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated} by geographic isolation.

(A) which originate from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated
(B) that originated from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated
(C) originated from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated
(D) originating from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated
(E) originating from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuating

作者: 半阙 时间: 2012-2-4 14:33

刚发现一道跟这题几乎一个模子下造出来的题....
发现OG很多题都是，深入挖掘下，背后蕴藏一个“题库”

The increased popularity and availability of televisions has led to the decline of regional dialects, language variations {which originate from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated} by geographic isolation.

(A) which originate from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated
(B) that originated from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated
(C) originated from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated
(D) originating from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuated
(E) originating from diverse ethnic and cultural heritages and perpetuating

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/4 12:58:28)

亲，你研究的太深刻了。。。。赞一个~

作者: yiayia 时间: 2012-2-12 09:28
OG上找不到两个赤裸裸的定语从句that并列，召唤例子~~OG上即使是定语从句并列，也会把形式改为介词短语或者其他结构（比that表述清晰的），个人觉得是因为that从语法上来说既可以作定语，又可以做宾语，不直接。如：OG 117

至于是否使用sth that...and that..应该看省略that是否会出现歧义，如果直接是sth that...and ...., do sth,由于and后面的句子跟只有that后面句子并列，因此不存在歧义。

如果是 sth, do sth that... and ...,and 后面的内容也可以和do sth并列，因此最好有2个that.

还有种that...and that...的用法是that做宾语从句，如：suggest that...and that...，第二个that一定不能省，因为前面已经出现动词 suggest，如果省略that,就会认为后面的句子和 suggest that并列。如og 139

作者: memory09 时间: 2012-4-4 22:59

没关系，我也不知道filigree啥意思，但咱要在有生词的时候也会做题目。我后来总结，可以这么想：

原句
Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than
30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

逗号后面的部分提炼一下：
a fungus that is (an interwoven) F of mushrooms and T spawned ( ) and extending ( )
我不懂filigree是啥意思，也不懂tentacles啥意思，用字母表示，如上。
那么上面的我看F前面interwoven是adj.，且有冠词an，我就知道F必然是个名词。T肯定是个和mushrooms并列的名词，不管它。
于是 (an interwoven) F of mushrooms and T 整个就是个名词，简化为X
就得出：
a fungus that is X spawned and extending
这样核心就出来了：extending那里必须跟spawned平行，也就是说必须是participle ("extended" or "extending")
而我们知道extend是主动的动词： Sth extends. Sth is extending.
所以这里就必须用extending而不是extended.

这道题不知道filigree是啥意思就不知道extending是修饰这"银丝”的，词汇量啊词汇量

-- by 会员米米时代007 (2012/1/31 12:56:00)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/1/31 14:29:22)

MM 很牛，分析到位！但还有一个问题，若做题时若不认识tentacles怎么能排出spawned ... 不是就近修饰tentacles?

作者: zhongshanlh 时间: 2012-5-3 11:25
比较同意17楼yiayia的观点
个人也认为比较确定的that不能省略的是宾语从句中的that，因为Manhattan中也有说宾从中reporting word后面的that不能省略是为了避免歧义的产生。但是定语从句中的and后面的that能不能省略我觉得没有很solid rule，就告诉我们一定能省略或者一定不能省略，比如从这个题目中B选型的解释来看，就是说即使这里的that是省略的，也可以认为extends与前面的is是平行的，说明这里的that省略的话还是可以看成是前后两个定语从句的平行。
所以我认为1.这个关于定从的平行问题中的that引导词省略的问题没有定论2.个人有种感觉是如果两个定从中that做的成分一样（如这个B中都是作主语，那么应该是可以省略的，当然前提是省略后不引起歧义），如果that成分不一样，就应该不能省略的（但是缺乏OG题目的证据，所以以后留心一下看看是不是这样的）

我之前和suri dd也讨论过这个，见本主题楼层9-13

嗯可是我不认识的话会认为extend和is平行呀？会认为主语是that，练SC 的后果==。。

-- by 会员米米时代007 (2012/1/31 18:08:22)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/1/31 19:53:05)

作者: weidehou 时间: 2012-5-3 16:34
这题作一次错一次

作者: zhongshanlh 时间: 2012-5-3 17:21
发表下看法呐童鞋

这题作一次错一次

-- by 会员 weidehou (2012/5/3 16:34:24)

作者: lilu411 时间: 2012-5-19 08:40

觉得ron解释得很对，但是我也很困惑楼主说的ving 和 ved 到底修饰谁的问题。

-- by 会员 gato (2011/10/24 10:33:31)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/1/28 13:40:36)

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/28 14:07:35)

这里的working number如何理解，查了词典和网站都没有呀！

作者: 赤尾屿 时间: 2012-7-27 22:54

1.参考了一下Ron大神的解释，结构如下，fungus有2个修饰部分，1个是红括号内的，2是蓝色部分
p.s: 蓝色部分也可认为是修饰filigree的，但绝不是mushrooms and rootlike tentacles

a giant fungus（ that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles )spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extendingfor more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest
2.对的

-- by 会员弗拉多 (2011/8/2 16:12:53)

啊，不对呢？？？我也去看了ron的解释，弗拉多引用错了啊！！！那是一个提问者的解释~~我还奇怪为什么spawned会修饰fungus而不是filigree~~~，OG上都明说了spawned修饰着filigree的。
ron原帖
其一：also, the other thing that you've got to realize here is that there are TWO modifiers that follow "filigree":
* "of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles"
* "spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest"
其二：this distinction is immaterial here, since the fungus and the filigree are exactly the same thing. therefore, it actually doesn't matter which one of them is modified.
in general, though, if you see "an X that is a Y VERBed by...", then "VERBed" tags Y, not X. (note again, though, that this ultimately won't matter very much, since the sentence declares that X is Y.)

作者: doreen322 时间: 2012-7-30 11:50
我也很疑惑working verd具体指什么。。。

还有，manhattan上说that作名词性从句的宾语使可以省略，这里that是做的主语，所以省略就不对了。不知道这样解释行不行

作者: babybearmm 时间: 2012-8-1 18:54
前面有同学说的"working number"，"working verd"应该为"working verb".....
至于什么是"working verb"，类似问题请参见Manhattan SC书后的glossary

#33楼的同学正解
X = Y spawn and extending

作者: zoeyun2012 时间: 2012-8-1 23:14
老实说，我有时觉得GMAC出题人本身的思路也很混乱！
最初的SC题目应当是针对语言思路是否清晰，现在的题目太多针对语法。
这是GMAC发展至今的一大失败！

作者: lemonko 时间: 2012-11-6 22:20
看到33楼明白得差不多了，感谢各位的解答~

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