大全326题（OG62)
62. Geologists believe that the warning signs for a major earthquake may include sudden fluctuations in local seismic activity, tilting and other deformations of the Earth’s crust, changing the measured strain across a fault zone, and varying the electrical properties of underground rocks.
(A) changing the measured strain across a fault zone and varying
(B) changing measurements of the strain across a fault zone, and varying
(C) changing the strain as measured across a fault zone, and variations of
(D) changes in the measured strain across a fault zone, and variations in（D）
(E) changes in measurements of the strain across a fault zone, and variations among
D, the best choice, describes the warning signs in parallel phrases. Despite surface appearances, the nouns changes and variations are parallel with tilting, but the verbal forms changing and varying in A, B, and C are not: tilting, one of the deformations of the Earth’s crust, is used here as a noun that is parallel to fluctuations, whereas changing and varying are used as verbs indicating some action undertaken. Moreover, these verbs are used incorrectly because the sentence mentions no subject that is performing these actions.
请问：本句中为什么不能认为划线前是一个AND链接的三项名词并列结构（因为看到AND这个并列标志，又看到后面的OTHER，就以为是完整的并列结构），而划线部分是分词形式作表结果的伴随状语，OG的解释说因为两个分词的动词没有动作发出者，为什么不能认为是a major earthquake 发出的？
谢谢帮我解答。
1，从意思上，tilting and other deformations 是一个范畴，所以这个and不能和sudden fluctuations并列。
2，the warning signs for a major earthquake 是主语，所以后面的分词只能用中心词signs作逻辑主语。
有一点不太明白,这句话到底是4项并列:sudden fluctuations in local seismic activity, tilting and other deformations of the Earth’s crust, changing the measured strain across a fault zone, and varying the electrical properties of underground rocks.
还是3项并列:tilting and other deformations of the Earth’s crust, changing the measured strain across a fault zone, and varying the electrical properties of underground rocks.
有一点不太明白,这句话到底是4项并列:sudden fluctuations in local seismic activity, tilting and other deformations of the Earth’s crust, changing the measured strain across a fault zone, and varying the electrical properties of underground rocks.
还是3项并列:tilting and other deformations of the Earth’s crust, changing the measured strain across a fault zone, and varying the electrical properties of underground rocks.
看并列还是以正确的选项来看会清楚些
the warning signs for a major earthquake may include sudden fluctuations in local seismic activity, tilting and other deformations of the Earth's crust, (D) changes in the measured strain across a fault zone, and variations in the electrical properties of underground rocks.
OG上也有解释 titling, one of the deformations of the Earth’s crust, is used here as a noun that is parallel of fluctuations. 由此可知，是四项比较 fluctuation, tilting, changes in …, and variations in…
1，从意思上，tilting and other deformations 是一个范畴，所以这个and不能和sudden fluctuations并列。
2，the warning signs for a major earthquake 是主语，所以后面的分词只能用中心词signs作逻辑主语。
有不同见解:
1.tilting和other deformations怎么是一个范畴呢?前者是"倾斜",后者包括"压扁、粉碎．．．"
不一样啊！故我认为＂这个and可以和sudden fluctuations并列＂．
如果tianwwan所说正确，那么设想一下这种情况：原题划线部分以及其后所有内容都不存在，那么如何表达？
难道这样：Geologists believe that the warning signs for a major earthquake may include sudden fluctuations in local seismic activity and tilting and other deformations of the Earth’s crust．
2.逻辑主语一定要跟主句的主语一致？好象没有这种说发吧．
与楼主不同，我觉得逻辑主语可以是other deformations，故划线部分如果以"changing"开头，也没什么错．
3.咱不是研究地震的，从一个外行的角度来看该题，A也能说得通：deformations改变strain并且改变了electrical properties.
实际上该题我选了B,原因有2个: 划线部分是伴随状语;B选项本身的"平行结构"很完整.
4.疑问：仅仅２个对象并列时是不是只能用 ＂a and b＂ 形式？ 而不可以在and之前加逗号？就象该题,B选项里的那个逗号是不允许的?
5.怀疑: 该题中tilting and other deformations如果改为tilting or other deformations,那么答案毫无疑问就是D了,不是吗? 难道......该题是故意制造歧意?
还请各路大侠为我解惑啊,谢谢!
给看看吧!
waiting for the discussion...
这句话其实是sudden fluctuations, changes and variations 在并列。。大家一定要把这个并列关系找出来。至于sudden fluctuations 的后面有一个小的三个成分的并列，分别是seismic activity, tilting and deformation。
说白了这个句子考得就是大并列于小并列，这种题在GMAT中还是有很多的，有些是肯定句的并列，有些是否定句。我开始的时候也做错了，因为没有理解清楚几部分之间的关系。所以大家在碰到这种题的时候一定要去找个部分间的联系，这才是作对这种类型的题的关键。
虽然LS给出的解释,在我们真正在考场上,短时间内难以彻底理解这句话的情况下看似有一定道理,但OG的解释This sentence uses four phrases to describe the warning signs for all earthquake．显然告诉我们并不是三个大平行和三个小平行的关系.对这道题我已然有一个疑惑,tilting这个词,OG告诉我们是一个名词,但我在LONGMAN字典中查到只有tilt而没有tilting这个词,所以我一开始把tilting理解为动名词,但是又联想到OG11的117题,
New theories propose that catastrophic impacts of asteroids and comets may have caused reversals in the Earth's magnetic field, the onset of ice ages, the splitting apart of continents 80 million years ago, and the great volcanic eruptions. 中,我认为此题中的splitting和这题的tilting是性质一样的,但是OG解释说splitting is a participle and thus not parallel to the other nouns. splitting may be transformed into a noun by adding the article the.
照这种说法,tilting前面是不是也应该加上the才可以? 请大家指点!
虽然LS给出的解释,在我们真正在考场上,短时间内难以彻底理解这句话的情况下看似有一定道理,但OG的解释This sentence uses four phrases to describe the warning signs for all earthquake．显然告诉我们并不是三个大平行和三个小平行的关系.对这道题我已然有一个疑惑,tilting这个词,OG告诉我们是一个名词,但我在LONGMAN字典中查到只有tilt而没有tilting这个词,所以我一开始把tilting理解为动名词,但是又联想到OG11的117题,
New theories propose that catastrophic impacts of asteroids and comets may have caused reversals in the Earth's magnetic field, the onset of ice ages, the splitting apart of continents 80 million years ago, and the great volcanic eruptions. 中,我认为此题中的splitting和这题的tilting是性质一样的,但是OG解释说splitting is a participle and thus not parallel to the other nouns. splitting may be transformed into a noun by adding the article the.
照这种说法,tilting前面是不是也应该加上the才可以? 请大家指点!
个人觉得这又和并列有关系，本题中sudden fluctuations in local seismic activity等并列短语都没有加the,而你给你的列子中都加the， 所以有区别。
第一次在SC版发帖，不对请指正
有没有哪位同学可以将 vary in & vary among的区别用中文解释一下呢？谢谢
这句话其实是sudden fluctuations, changes and variations 在并列。。大家一定要把这个并列关系找出来。至于sudden fluctuations 的后面有一个小的三个成分的并列，分别是seismic activity, tilting and deformation。
说白了这个句子考得就是大并列于小并列，这种题在GMAT中还是有很多的，有些是肯定句的并列，有些是否定句。我开始的时候也做错了，因为没有理解清楚几部分之间的关系。所以大家在碰到这种题的时候一定要去找个部分间的联系，这才是作对这种类型的题的关键。
Lolita对这个句子的结构解释的最清楚，让我恍然大悟。有一点值得商榷，sudden fluctuations, changes and variations 应该是毫无疑问了，然而tilting and deformation 应该是前面seismic activity的同位语，好像这样子才能够逻辑表达清楚。
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