答案居然给的是E。由于the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long部分是插入语，那么整句话的主语就是road system，后面加个extending，明显没谓语嘛～
作者: sachiel87 时间: 2010-1-18 13:41
The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending from northern Ecuador through Peru to Southern Chile.
A.Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending
B.Columbus was the Incan highway, over 2,500 miles in length, and extended
C.Columbus, the Incan highway, which was over 2,500 miles in length and extended
D.Columbus, the Incan highway, being over 2,500 miles in length, was extended
E.Columbus, the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long, extending
答案居然给的是E。由于the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long部分是插入语，那么整句话的主语就是road system，后面加个extending，明显没谓语嘛～
作者: jiaxizou 时间: 2010-1-18 14:54
有谓语的，楼主粗心了。
The greatest road system是主语，built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus 作定语修饰修饰The greatest road system。
the Incan highway 是The greatest road system的同位语，在the Incan highway的后边不是跟了个was 么？was就是谓语了。
作者: sachiel87 时间: 2010-1-18 15:22
哎，我把两个逗号间的整句（包括was）全都当成插入语来修辞前一个名词了
没想到它是同位语从句
话说这种同位语和插入语太难区分了
作者: sachiel87 时间: 2010-1-18 15:23
刚才白痴了
从句里已经有was证明只能是同位语从句了，哎
作者: 419195959 时间: 2011-1-18 10:36
请问B哪错了呢
作者: daisy57 时间: 2011-1-18 12:09
B的 , and extended 是不是没主语啊？
作者: daisy57 时间: 2011-1-18 12:26
？B 选项中 ,over 2,500 miles in length,修饰的是谁
作者: jasonyu0704 时间: 2011-2-1 10:23
A. Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending
-though the modifier which correctly describes highway, the "sentence" is actually a sentence fragment, as the which needs to be followed by a verb (preferably "was")
B. Columbus was the Incan highway, over 2,500 miles in length, and extended
-the use of extended in the absence of which was is incorrect; the proper construction should be extending (as extended gives the impression that the road was intentionally lengthened rather than simply existing between two points).
C. Columbus, the Incan highway, which was over 2,500 miles in length and
extended
-since the phrase the Incan highway is set off by commas, the entire introductory modifier is describing the Incan highway. As a result, the which is unnecessary since it creates a sentence fragment.
D. Columbus, the Incan highway, being over 2,500 miles in length, was extended
-BEING IS BAD!!!!
E. Columbus, the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long, extending
-The introductory phrase The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher
Columbus properly describes the Incan highway. Furthermore, the subordinate phrase extending from
northern Ecuador through Peru to Southern Chile provides additional information about the length of the highway in a manner that is grammatically correct.
Though tricky, the correct answer is E.
作者: wangyue1982 时间: 2011-2-1 12:39
"The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus,"
这句同位主语，所以e对
作者: liqingcd 时间: 2011-5-20 20:34
ls,转载洋人的东东不要忘注明出处哦~
作者: Jason102 时间: 2011-7-21 16:40
看完分析还是有一点疑惑，E中 the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long 如果是做同位语，也就是说the Incan highway是对前面的同位修饰，那为什么was前面不加逗号呢？我怎么看都觉得是插入语。。。
求解答。。。作者: Jason102 时间: 2011-7-21 16:42
我在白勇语法同位结构那章木有看到这种形式的同位语啊！求围观。。。
作者: wty 时间: 2011-10-9 17:29
确实难以判断，我压根就没想到有开头就是同位语而两个逗号中间的才是主语。。。前面那个The greatest road system是指的the Incan highway，
the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long这才是主语。。。郁闷啊。。。
作者: 逆水潜龙 时间: 2011-11-16 08:21
如果按逻辑意思去理解，built提示一定为修饰成分，要不就是was built了。
接着后面那个双逗号结构自然理解为同位语结构了。
作者: fanofkaka 时间: 2013-4-22 22:05
这道题好诡异，E的句子结构感觉很不舒服。
作者: xysowlly 时间: 2013-5-1 13:28
个人认为： E中的 ,..., 跟插入语无关 the greast roda system (built in the .... ed分词做后置定语修饰system), the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles（第一个逗号，是将 同位语和主语隔开）， extedning..... （ ving 分词跟在主系表结构后，补充说明， 第二个逗号，是将 ving 与主句隔开） 。
但是我的疑惑是， 为什么 highway 是 extending啊。。 highway 是人建的，应该是被人 extend啊。 它自己怎么可以 extending啊。
作者: zxppx 时间: 2013-6-4 14:28
The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending from northern Ecuador through Peru to southern Chile.
A. Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending which从句缺谓语
B. Columbus was the Incan highway, over 2,500 miles in length, and extended extended的主语是the greatest road system， 而不是the Incan highway
C. Columbus, the Incan highway, which was over 2,500 miles in length and extended 缺谓语
D. Columbus, the Incan highway, being over 2,500 miles in length, was extended (E)
E. Columbus, the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long, extending 改变句子结构，看完B之后就觉得E应该是错的！没有仔细思考 结构：名词短语，主系表，现在分词
通过比较B和E选项,虽然B选项没有语法错误,但是我认为E选项在逻辑上更合理. E选项说IH是一条怎么样的铁路,用The greatest road system作为同位语修饰，然后在后面用extending修饰主句，具体说明IH的长度范围；而B选项把修饰成分the greatest road system当做主语，将后面的extend当做并列谓语，但是在逻辑上不合理，一个是说最大的铁路系统是IH，然后又说这个铁路系统扩展的范围（感觉extend用来修饰over 2,500 miles long更合理）
作者: Jasmine1030 时间: 2013-7-9 18:30
一开始就根本没想到同位语。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
作者: enjoygmat2013 时间: 2013-10-12 00:59
谢谢解答！！
作者: 云殇天堂 时间: 2013-11-27 19:30
可是还是觉得E选项的 was over 2,500之前不应该有逗号么？？？如果, the Incan highway 是同位语，有逗号才说得通啊
作者: 开心的柠檬 时间: 2014-1-4 22:28
对E选项，我的理解是the Incan highway才是句子主语，The greatest road system是个opening modifier(同时也是noun modifier)，修饰主语The greatest road system。Manhattan中有写，名词可以充当noun modifier，如 A lover of mice, my cat hunts night and day. 这里a lover of mice就是做句首noun modifier修饰cat。
open to discuss
作者: 开心的柠檬 时间: 2014-1-4 22:31
只是语法笔记里关于C选项的解释，有一点不太懂，C. Columbus, the Incan highway, which was over 2,500 miles in length and extended “extended被动错句意变成了highway被延伸了，实际上延伸是highway主动发出的动作”，这里which was ... and extended... extended前难道是省略了was？不然怎么说是被动，可是，这两个was功能不同吧。。如何省略。。求指点
作者: supershuang 时间: 2014-11-8 05:42
B中extended不对，如果换成was extended对不对？还是只能用extending？
作者: supershuang 时间: 2014-11-8 05:43
e中是Incan highway 同位语the great road system (后边都是修饰system的)
作者: Hendy 时间: 2014-12-27 22:13
zxppx 发表于 2013-6-4 14:28
The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus was the ...
非常认可
作者: freethebmw 时间: 2015-7-8 22:06
zxppx 发表于 2013-6-4 14:28
The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus was the ...
看来看去只有这个回答是最靠谱的！
作者: ZJPt找到M 时间: 2015-8-15 18:44
这个题真是好恶心，我看完原句，第一个感觉句子应该是这样的：
The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long, extended from northern Ecuador through Peru to southern Chile. 或者是 which was over 2,500 miles long and extended from northern Ecuador through Peru to southern Chile.
结果一看选项，都差那么点，那个郁闷啊
最后B和E没有语法错误，犹豫了好久，感觉哪个意思都不通顺啊
E，前面那么一大串就这么做了同位语，有点大材小用的感觉；B就更不通顺了
但是，有时候就是要适应GMat的模式，其实多看看E也蛮顺的，唉，自己的先入为主影响了做题...
作者: helloken 时间: 2016-5-11 06:20
把E选项带回原文是这样的：The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus, the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long, extending from northern Ecuador through Peru to southern Chile.
换种成大家比较熟悉的写法应该是The Incan highway, the greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus, was over 2,500 miles long, extending from northern Ecuador through Peru to southern Chile.
如果写成下边这样，估计这题就没什么值得讨论的了。也就是说，一般我们看见的同位语修饰，都是前边是核心词，后边跟一个同位语进行进一步的解释说明。这个例子相当于反过来，把解释说明放在前边，而把真正的核心词（在这里是主语）放在中间，很具有迷惑性。
其实无论是（n+修饰成分, n）还是（n, n+修饰成分），总之看到两个并列的名词用逗号分开，可以从语义上判定是否为同位关系。
作者: Patrickkk 时间: 2016-10-11 23:49
C.Columbus, the Incan highway, which was over 2,500 miles in length and extended 请问C哪里错了呢？
which 指带the Incan highway。
作者: 御寒 时间: 2017-1-1 10:57
Patrickkk 发表于 2016-10-11 23:49
C.Columbus, the Incan highway, which was over 2,500 miles in length and extended 请问C哪里错了呢？
w ...
C选项没有main verb哦，并且in length不如long 简洁。看了其他解释说， C中extended是被动，含义变成了highway被延展，这一点我不是很理解，是不是因为and extended中间有个was 被省略了？
作者: MissWang_xx929 时间: 2017-1-20 17:08
zxppx 发表于 2013-6-4 14:28
The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus was the ...
同意~~ 我也是，看完B以后觉得extend的主语是 the system了，没往同位语方面想。。。。。。
the system 和 the highway可以是同位语结构吗？？
作者: muerbingsha 时间: 2017-3-29 20:49
extended 和 extending也是SC考点之一。
例题：
Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.
(A) extending
(B) extends
(C) extended
(D) it extended
(E) is extending
所以为什么D不对，was extended by who?
这题答案为A
作者: 睡不完的觉 时间: 2017-6-26 11:06
B 简化：The greatest road system was Incan Highway and extended from A to B.
一直不知道为什么错。。。。
作者: Diana学霸 时间: 2018-2-25 12:19
daisy57 发表于 2011-1-18 12:09
B的 , and extended 是不是没主语啊？
这里错在extending是伴随状语，不能用b项的结构，直接当谓语了，b的语法上是没错的
作者: Diana学霸 时间: 2018-2-25 12:20
Diana学霸 发表于 2018-2-25 12:19
这里错在extending是伴随状语，不能用b项的结构，直接当谓语了，b的语法上是没错的 ...
本题，很明显E答案的higway后面少了一个逗号
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