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标题: with伴随短语形式总结 [打印本页]

作者: ecsniffer 时间: 2004-2-23 23:53
标题: with伴随短语形式总结
LZM:独立结构一般用介词with引入，其本身有明白清楚的主语，只是没有谓语动词或省略了being，该结构使得句子紧凑，描绘生动。

with短语作独立主格结构的构成是：with+n./pron.+现在分词（过去分词、介词短语、不定式、形容词等）其中的名词/代词就是该独立结构的主语。而当with+n./pron.+现在分词（过去分词）时，with可省略。

365、In addition to having more protein than wheat does, the protein in rice is higher

quality than that in wheat, with more of the amino acids essential to the human diet.

(A) the protein in rice is higher quality than that in

(B) rice has protein of higher quality than that in

(D) rice protein is higher in quality than it is in（B）

(E) rice has a protein higher in quality than

with+n.+adj.

695、The average weekly wage nearly doubled in the 1970’s, rising from $114 to $220, yet the average worker ended the decade with a decrease in what their pay may buy.

(A) with a decrease in what their pay may buy

(B) with what was a decrease in what they were able to buy

(D) decreasing in purchasing power（E）

(E) with a decrease in purchasing power

with+n.+prep.短语

802、The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them: the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are known as “standing waves.”

(A) crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are

(B) crests and troughs that remain stationary although they are formed by rapidly moving air, are

(D) stationary crests and troughs although he air that forms them is moving rapidly, are（C）

(E) stationary crests and troughs although they are formed by rapidly moving air, is

with+n.？？（这个也可以？？）

937、 With a total population of less than two hundred and fewer breeding females than ever before, the American crocodile seemed a decade ago to be in danger of disappearing.

(A) of less than two hundred and fewer

(B) lower than two hundred and less

(D) fewer than two hundred and less（A）

(E) of fewer than two hundred and of fewer

with+n.？？

943、With total sales of less than three hundred thousand dollars and fewer new subscribers than last year, the New England Theatre Company is in danger of losing its building.

(A) of less than three hundred thousand dollars and fewer

(B) lower than three hundred thousand dollars and less

(D) fewer than three hundred thousand dollars and less（A）

(E) of fewer than three hundred thousand dollars and of fewer

with+n.??

959、 Child care already a solid part of the employee benefits package at many companies, more businesses are focusing on a newer family benefit known as elder care, servicing for older dependents.

(A) Child care

(B) With child care

(D) Being the Child care was（B）

(E) With child care’s being

with+n.+n.

985、Those who have visited the Grand Canyon have typically seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark the passage of time like the rings in a tree trunk.

(A) seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark

(B) see layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, whose different colors mark

(D) been able to see layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors marking（D）

(E) seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, marking by different colors

with+n.+现在分词

上面的with短语有的可能不是作伴随状语，大家看看。

for further discussion！

作者: vincent0330 时间: 2004-2-24 00:18
that's great

作者: snow_mountain 时间: 2004-2-24 00:22
先顶！

有几个with + noun 的不是做状语。修饰的是名词，应该是定语成分吧。比如哪个 with less... and fewer...., American crocodiles 的题目。

作者: ecsniffer 时间: 2004-2-24 00:36
bryony，说的是这题吧

937、 With a total population of less than two hundred and fewer breeding females than ever before, the American crocodile seemed a decade ago to be in danger of disappearing.

(A) of less than two hundred and fewer

(B) lower than two hundred and less

(D) fewer than two hundred and less（A）

(E) of fewer than two hundred and of fewer

是，这里做伴随状语我看着也觉得怪，但是做定语感觉也很怪，介词短语做定语一般放在被修饰成分的后面，放在前面做定语的情况也有么？

我手头没有语法书，大家帮我查一下，验证一下，这里的with短语到底做什么成分。

thks,for further discussion!

作者: vincent0330 时间: 2004-2-24 14:02

以下是引用ecsniffer在2004-2-24 0:36:00的发言：

是，这里做伴随状语我看着也觉得怪，但是做定语感觉也很怪，介词短语做定语一般放在被修饰成分的后面，放在前面做定语的情况也有么？

我手头没有语法书，大家帮我查一下，验证一下，这里的with短语到底做什么成分。

thks,for further discussion!

一般介词短语是放在要修饰的名词后面是没错, 但要是这个短语造成整个句子的头重脚轻, 则习惯把这介词短语搬到前面去, 让整个句子看起来简洁.

不过我有个疑问是倒底何时表伴随, 何时表定语, 有无规则可寻??(好像V-ing摆前面和摆后面有着同样的问题.)

作者: tianwan 时间: 2004-2-24 16:48
这里，With a total population。。。是一个介词短语做状语。因为在句首。

介词短语可以做定语和状语，请看下面的例子on the bus：The children on the bus looked at the soldiers. 做限制性定语。The children, on the bus, looked at the soldiers. 做非限制性定语，但也有可能做状语。 On the bus, the children looked at the soldiers. 做状语。

所以，同非限定动词（infinitive, participle)词组一样，介词词组紧跟修饰对象后做限制性定语；跟在修饰对象后但用逗号隔开，可能是非限制性定语或状语；放在句首做状语。

vincent0330 的解释是对的。其实不管做定语做状语，了解句子的意思是最重要的。

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-2-25 14:34:52编辑过]

作者: snow_mountain 时间: 2004-2-24 17:11
有可能。不管怎么样，还是要抓住句子的意思。

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-2-24 22:08
good job

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-2-24 22:11

tianwan太牛了！！！

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-2-24 22:29:16编辑过]

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-2-24 22:31

以下是引用tianwan在2004-2-24 16:48:00的发言：
这里，With a total population。。。是一个介词短语做状语。因为在句首。

介词短语可以做定语和状语，请看下面的例子on the bus：The children on the bus looked at the soldiers. 做限制性定语。The children, on the bus, looked at the soldiers. 做非限制性定语，但也有可能做状语。 On the bust, the children looked at the soldiers. 做状语。

所以，同非限定动词（infinitive, participle)词组一样，介词词组紧跟修饰对象后做限制性定语；跟在修饰对象后但用逗号隔开，可能是非限制性定语或状语；放在句首做状语。

vincent0330 的解释是对的。其实不管做定语做状语，了解句子的意思是最重要的。

拜服！！

作者: dreadpower 时间: 2004-2-24 22:41
365、In addition to having more protein than wheat does, the protein in rice is higher

quality than that in wheat, with more of the amino acids essential to the human diet.

with肯定要修饰the protein in rice 啊，介词短语没有紧跟修饰对象，且肯定不是状语！

作者: tianwan 时间: 2004-2-25 15:09

所谓紧跟修饰对象，如果考虑了分隔修饰后，就是你所提到的上例的情况。由于是分隔修饰，你的例子中的with短语相当于“跟在修饰对象后但用逗号隔开，可能是非限制性定语或状语”。其实这一句话，你也可以把with短语理解成状语的。fficeffice" />

其实理解的关键并不是状语或定语，而是以下两点：

1、如果介词短语，非限定动词短语需要主语，我们要能找到主语。

2、修饰成分是限制性的还是非限制性的要分清。

限制和限定是2个不同的概念。非限定动词（不定式，分词），限制性修饰成分（具有某某属性的东东，隐含的意思是：没有此某某属性的就不是这个东东），非限制性修饰成分（某东东，此东东有某某属性）。

非限制（不是非限定）定语从句一般是跟在修饰对象后用逗号隔开，但不可能是状语，只可能是非限制性定语，因为which明确的表明了定语的身份。

但是介词短语，非限定动词短语跟在修饰对象后但用逗号隔开，可能是非限制性定语或状语，这样是有可能会带来二义性的。这种情况下是定语或状语，语法规则是没有规定的，也没法规定，所以一般不应该作为考点。但ETS不管这一套。

正如分词短语可能简练但没有定语从句准确一样，这个也要具体例子具体分析。

一家之言，请指正。

作者: ecsniffer 时间: 2004-2-26 09:27

以下是引用tianwan在2004-2-25 15:09:00的发言：

限制和限定是2个不同的概念。非限定动词（不定式，分词），限制性修饰成分（具有某某属性的东东，隐含的意思是：没有此某某属性的就不是这个东东），非限制性修饰成分（某东东，此东东有某某属性）。fficeffice" />

tianwan，说的真好！要多来语法区指导呀！

下面这个例子很符合这条规则，当时看了就奇怪，听tianwan这么一说明白了

og141

141. Unlike transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is the same, all patients receiving hearts or other organs must take antirejection drugs for the rest of their lives.

(A) Unlike transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is the same

(B) Besides transplants involving identical twins with the same genetic endowment

(D) Aside from a transplant between identical twins with the same genetic endowment

(E) Other than transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is the same

In A and B, the phrases beginning Unlike... and Besides... modify patients, the subject of the main clause; thus A absurdly states that Unlike transplants..., patients... must take... drugs, and B that all patients except for transplants... must take... drugs. In B and D the expression identical twins with the same genetic endowment wrongly suggests that only some identical twin pairs are genetically identical. In E, the construction Other than transplants..., all patients... must take... drugs illogically suggests, as in B, that some patients are transplants. Choice C, the best answer, solves these problems by using a clause introduced by Unless to describe the exception to the rule and a nonrestrictive clause beginning with who to describe the characteristic attributed to all identical twins.

这里有一个大大的疑问，解释中提到who这个从句是nonrestrictive clause，那么，C选项是不是应该添加一个逗号，如下：

大家的意见呢？多谢，多谢！

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-2-26 9:27:51编辑过]

作者: ecsniffer 时间: 2004-2-26 09:42

以下是引用tianwan在2004-2-24 16:48:00的发言：

介词短语可以做定语和状语，请看下面的例子on the bus：The children on the bus looked at the soldiers. 做限制性定语。The children, on the bus, looked at the soldiers. 做非限制性定语，但也有可能做状语。 On the bus, the children looked at the soldiers. 做状语。

所以，同非限定动词（infinitive, participle)词组一样，介词词组紧跟修饰对象后做限制性定语；跟在修饰对象后但用逗号隔开，可能是非限制性定语或状语；放在句首做状语。

我记得以前做过一道题，就是犯了“跟在修饰对象后但用逗号隔开，可能是非限制性定语或状语”进而导致其中修饰成分既可做定语修饰前面的n.又可做状语修饰后面的v.的错误，不过找不到了，大家谁有看到，就跟贴把它揪出来！

作者: JerryGuan 时间: 2004-3-24 00:47

og141

141. Unlike transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is the same, all patients receiving hearts or other organs must take antirejection drugs for the rest of their lives.

(A) Unlike transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is the same

(B) Besides transplants involving identical twins with the same genetic endowment

(D) Aside from a transplant between identical twins with the same genetic endowment

(E) Other than transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is the same

这里有一个大大的疑问，解释中提到who这个从句是nonrestrictive clause，那么，C选项是不是应该添加一个逗号，如下：

大家的意见呢？多谢，多谢！

我也觉得如果是non-restrictive clause应该加一个“，”；否则，还是那个限定性的意思，只有那么have the same genetic endowment的twins 。

或者说是我们对“限定性”“限制性”的不同点不了解？

（当然解这题，不需要这么复杂，但探讨却可以无限复杂！）

作者: mariezhu 时间: 2004-3-24 10:44
问题是which引导nonrestrictive clause时需要在前面加comma，who引导时需要么？好像没见过哎

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-3-24 10:45:26编辑过]

作者: ethyl 时间: 2005-8-5 14:43
好贴！

作者: cissygu 时间: 2005-9-16 12:48

gwd10-22

Floating in the waters of the equatorial Pacific, an array of buoys collects and transmits data on long-term interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere, interactions that affect global climate.

A atmosphere, interactions that affect

B atmosphere, with interactions affecting

这题为什么不选B而选A呢．谢谢指教：）

作者: billytang1980 时间: 2006-1-27 16:00

以下是引用ecsniffer在2004-2-24 0:36:00的发言：
bryony，说的是这题吧

937、 With a total population of less than two hundred and fewer breeding females than ever before, the American crocodile seemed a decade ago to be in danger of disappearing.

(A) of less than two hundred and fewer

(B) lower than two hundred and less

(D) fewer than two hundred and less（A）

(E) of fewer than two hundred and of fewer

是，这里做伴随状语我看着也觉得怪，但是做定语感觉也很怪，介词短语做定语一般放在被修饰成分的后面，放在前面做定语的情况也有么？

我手头没有语法书，大家帮我查一下，验证一下，这里的with短语到底做什么成分。

thks,for further discussion!

我认为这里是“with短语，主句”的形式，所以可以解释为“有。。。”，表示美国鳄鱼有多少多少。

作者: rockmax 时间: 2008-7-10 23:32
ding

作者: zhaxi8313 时间: 2008-7-14 23:25

959、
            Child care
            already a solid part of the employee benefits package at many companies, more businesses are focusing on a newer family benefit known as elder care, servicing for older dependents.

(A) Child care

(B) With child care

(D) Being the Child care was（B）

(E) With child care’s being

我觉得这里的with独立主格不是with+n+n结构而是with+n+ing结构，即with Child care+being+ a solid part of.....不过省略了being就成了题目里的结构。这两天看with独立主格的语法书，不知道自己理解对不对；

作者: jmbnzhu 时间: 2008-9-11 09:42

作者: geminisky 时间: 2008-11-18 23:02

以下是引用zhaxi8313在2008-7-14 23:25:00的发言：

959、
Child care
already a solid part of the employee benefits package at many companies, more businesses are focusing on a newer family benefit known as elder care, servicing for older dependents.

(A) Child care

(B) With child care

(D) Being the Child care was（B）

(E) With child care’s being

之前在哪里看过，这个还是 with+n+n结构，只不过是省略了as,

with+n+（as）+n－－－－with Child care+(as)+ a solid part of.....

作者: songlovegt 时间: 2009-1-10 23:08
OG141 who前面少打了逗号，已经得到确认拉，感谢大大牛，LES,

详见
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardid=23&replyid=192112&id=26199&page=1&skin=0&Star=2

作者: zjpopo 时间: 2009-1-10 23:31

Up!

作者: iamyamy 时间: 2009-2-12 01:48
admire@!!!

作者: 慕容枫痕 时间: 2010-5-1 21:29
802题答案为C，楼主编辑下撒~要不去掉BF，误导啊~

作者: leonnong 时间: 2012-3-13 13:37

LZM:独立结构一般用介词with引入，其本身有明白清楚的主语，只是没有谓语动词或省略了being，该结构使得句子紧凑，描绘生动。

with短语作独立主格结构的构成是：with+n./pron.+现在分词（过去分词、介词短语、不定式、形容词等）其中的名词/代词就是该独立结构的主语。而当with+n./pron.+现在分词（过去分词）时，with可省略。

985、Those who have visited the Grand Canyon have typically seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that markthe passage of time like the rings in a tree trunk.

(A) seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark

(B) see layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, whose different colors mark

(C) been seeing layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, whose different colors are markers of

(D) been able to see layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors marking（D）

(E) seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, marking by different colors

with+n.+现在分词

上面的with短语有的可能不是作伴随状语，大家看看。

for further discussion！

-- by 会员 ecsniffer (2004/2/23 23:53:00)

楼主，这题的答案应该是A吧~with+n没有错啊~而D的话，虽然我理解with+n+现在分词没有错！~但根据Kaplan gmat 800的解释：see is better than the wordier alternative been able to see. ！想听听你的意见~

作者: li3360065 时间: 2012-5-23 10:28
3Q.

作者: fongsixing 时间: 2015-9-8 20:40
好人一生平安

作者: Irisaran 时间: 2017-1-8 19:25
Mark一下！

作者: gumgum330 时间: 2018-8-5 23:26
感谢分享！

作者: Ritam 时间: 2018-8-6 13:12

发表于 2004-02-23 23:53:00
LZM:独立结构一般用介词with引入，其本身有明白清楚的主语，只是没有谓语动词或省略了being，...

Mark一下

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