感觉OG的几个SC题解释自相矛盾，请大家探讨 - ChaseDream

109．Bluegrass musician Bill Monroe，whose repertory, views on musical collaboration，and vocal style were influential
on generations of bluegrass artists, was also an inspiration to many musicians,
that included Elvis Presley and Jerry Garcia，whose music differed significantly
from his own..

(A) were influential on generations of bluegrass
artists，was also an
inspiration to many musicians，that included Elvis Presley and Jerry Garcia，whose music differed significantly
from

(B) influenced generations of bluegrass artists，also inspired many musicians，including Elvis Presley and Jerry
Garcia，whose music
differed significantly from

(C) was influential to generations of bluegrass
artists，was also
inspirational to many musicians，that included Elvis Presley and Jerry Garcia，whose music was different significantly
in comparison to

(D) was influential to generations of bluegrass artists,
also inspired many musicians．who included Elvis Presley and Jerry Garcia，the music of whom differed
significantly when compared to

(E) were an influence on generations of bluegrass
artists，was also an
inspiration to many musicians，including Elvis Presley and Jerry Garcia，whose music was significantly
different from that of

”B Correct．The use of the concise verb forms of influenced and inspired
simplifies and clarifies the sentence．The concise use of including avoids the pronoun. The concise use of
including avoids the pronoun error and unnecessary wordiness.“

110．The nephew of Pliny the Elder-wrote the on eyewitness account of the
great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus．

(A) The nephew of Pliny the Eider wrote the only
eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the
historian Tacitus．

(B) To the historian Tacitus，the nephew of pliny the Elder wrote
two Ietters，being the
only eyewitness accounts of the great eruption of Vesuvius.

(C) The only eyewitness account is in two letters
by the nephew of Pliny the Elder writing to the historian Tacitus an account of
the great eruption of Vesuvius．

(D) Writing the only eyewitness account, Pliny the
Elder's nephew accounted for the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to
the historian Tacitus．

(E) In two letters to the historian Tacitus, the nephew
of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of
Vesuvius.

我不是NN,但也曾经为分词在句尾的作用疑惑. 不过,你说的第一题,其实including是介词,不是分词,所以它一定是修饰musicians的.而后面那题,是分词做状语,逻辑主语是句子主语the nephew.

分词短语（ing/ed）在句首起状语作用，逻辑主语等于句子主语，介词短语也一样

主句，＋ing：分词短语优先充当状语，表示伴随动作（逻辑主语为句子主语）或伴随结果

优先充当状语。我觉得这个ing还是要通过逻辑或其它条件来判断。像哪位大牛（忘了，呵呵）说得好：什么都不是唯一的。

" in·clud·ing

/
                        Ñ
                        In'klu;dIN; NAmE
                        Ñ
                        /

preposition

(abbr.
                        incl.) having sth as part of a group or set:
I’ve got three days' holiday including New Year’s Day.
                                Ç
                            Six people were killed in the riot, including a policeman.
                                Ç
                            It’s £7.50,
                                not including tax."

没想到including还真是介词，看来gmac在including (as a prep) 或including( the progress form of verb 'include' 真的是在做文章。那这样看来，现在分词放在句末的唯一语法作用就是做状语表达伴随方式或结果了。除了include以外，OG中有没有其他的像我举的例子？

关于现在分词在句首，og-11-yellow-sc no.102,

102. Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized
on her keen observation and love of the natural world.

(A)
Beatrix Potter, in her
book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,

(B)
In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating
them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter

(D)
Carefully coordinated
with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations

(E)
Beatrix Potter, in
her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives
and

关于B的解释，

“ B Phrase
carefully coordinating ... illogically modifies the noun
that immediately precedes it (book illustrations); Potter, not the illustrations, did
the coordinating; awkward and unclear”

现在分词放在句首，其逻辑主语应该是句子主语；B里尽管句首有一个介词短语，我感觉应该不影响现在分词放在句首

的这种用法。但是解释却说

coordinating在语法上修饰它前面的名词 感觉就是 'noun, doing....' 这样的一种修辞结构. 很少见这样的修饰结构。

所以我的困惑是：OG说coordinating在语法上修饰它前面的名词，有什么语法上的根据？

OG里面,现在分词在句尾划线的还有其他几题,但印象中多数是表结果或伴随,有一题比较特别,就是那道item of military equipment, protecting.. 现在分词在句尾,有点象定语,LZ可以看一下.

另外OG102,B-分词是在句中,不是句首.这里我的理解是有修饰歧义,究竟是修饰前面的名词呢,还是修饰后面的主语? 同时,them也无指代对象,同E.相比较而言,正确答案C,很明显地分出了层次,主次分明.

以下是引用ricee在2008-5-22 9:38:00的发言：

24. For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in
Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames
were essential items of military equipment, a method to protect warriors
against enemy arrows and spears.

The underlined part of the sentence
begins a phrase describing items of
military equipment. It is awkward and inaccurate to describe items as a method. Replacing the underlined phrase with the participle protecting creates
a modifying phrase that clearly explains the purpose of
the items of military
equipment.

B
The singular a method should
not refer to the plural items; as a method protecting is not idiomatic

C
Correct. In this sentence, protecting properly introduces a modifying phrase
revealing the purpose of the items.

我觉得楼主举的几个例子都不矛盾啊, 楼主可否把你的想法再说得仔细点儿?

that includes。。相对分词短语做定语应该说wordy了，故prefer用分词短语。我感觉还是分词。所以才说代词因此而省略

并不是ing放句尾就是做状语表伴随。。。得看原句intended logical meaning，我觉得。