关于独立主格中出现人称代词的指代问题，求赐教！！~~

xinxinzai

昨晚发的问题还没有得到NN的解答今天又屁颠颠跑来问问题我也是醉了~

问题：独立主格中出现人称代词 e.g. they    如何指代
这样的情况是像往常一样优先指代主语？or指代临近的可被指代的名词成分（一般就是宾语吧）？


In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets, most of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle other stars.
Amost of them as large or larger than Jupiter, which circle  
Bmost of them as large or larger than Jupiter and circling  
Cmost of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling  
Dmostly at least as large as Jupiter, which circle  
Emostly as large or larger than Jupiter, circling  

选C  然后THEM指代了planets 这样有没有ambiguity啊？

求赐教！！~~谢谢大家~~~

lainemai

亲，我一向建议去看曼哈顿语法，再怎么刷十遍都不为过。
them ,it, 这些在曼哈顿语法里是一个重点，我看了好几次，之前也是同你一样有很多不懂的地方。
这里的them按照语意来说也不可能是astronomers，而且这里是一个独立主格结构，所以更不可能。
一般都是就近指代

lainemai

1)除非很明显，this\these不能单独指代，要补出后面的名词。

2)they指代前面出现的对象，these指代离它最近的对象，指代都要满足逻辑符合，主谓一致的要求。

3)当they前出现两个以上主谓符合的对象时，视其为指代不清。而these前出现两个以上主谓符合的对象时，可以就近指代，比they更佳。
我之前不记得在哪里看到的类似的解释是：只要these、this在句子中做主语，且指代离它最近的对象，那么单独指代也是对的。

lainemai

Besides adding complementary flavors to many foods, hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, just as exercise does, and these have a pain-relieving effect like morphine's.

A hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, just as exercise does, and these have a pain-relieving effect like morphine's
B hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, like exercise, and they have a pain-relieving effect that is like morphine
C hot sauces and exercise both stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, and they have a pain-relieving effect like morphine
D the release of endorphins in the brain is stimulated both by hot sauces and exercise, and they have a pain-relieving effect like morphine's
E the release of endorphins in the brain is stimulated by hot sauces, just as with exercise, and these have a pain-relieving effect like that of morphine
给LZ看一道题，这道题和你问的指代的问题很像

xinxinzai

lainemai 发表于 2014-10-12 17:27
Besides adding complementary flavors to many foods, hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins i ...

谢谢这么热心的lainemai童鞋~~
these的这个用法我可以接受啦，我是想问，因为规则是：像they这样的人称代词在单复数一致的情况下优先指代主语，然后宾语，然后其他成分什么的，所以想问我提问的题目里，them的指代为什么可以跳出这种规则。就是因为他是独立主格吗？？？

xinxinzai

lainemai 发表于 2014-10-12 17:27
Besides adding complementary flavors to many foods, hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins i ...

还有可以移步解答我的这个问题吗~~~
http://forum.chasedream.com/thread-921158-1-1.html

lainemai

xinxinzai 发表于 2014-10-12 17:59
谢谢这么热心的lainemai童鞋~~
these的这个用法我可以接受啦，我是想问，因为规则是：像they这样的人称代 ...

首先，还是语义的问题，这句话本身从逻辑上来讲，them就是指代planets,而不是astronomers,LZ有时候还是要根据语义来判断的
其次，如果Them指代了前文所述的主语，那么我觉得它应该就用不到独立主格了，前面将会出现连词连接后面的most of them，这样成为两个句子那么这个them就有可能是从前指代astronomers.如果用了独立主格，那么就说明这两个句子的主语本身就不同的，要是相同就不用那么麻烦用到独立主格了....
不知道LZ有没有明白
open to discussion

xinxinzai

lainemai 发表于 2014-10-12 18:40
首先，还是语义的问题，这句话本身从逻辑上来讲，them就是指代planets,而不是astronomers,LZ有时候还是要 ...

大概明白了语义很重要！ thx~~~

lainemai

xinxinzai 发表于 2014-10-12 19:18
大概明白了语义很重要！ thx~~~

主要还是独立主格的问题，因为一般独立主格的话都是两个不同的主语才会用独立主格的，要是主语相同，我觉得GMAT的简洁性也不会要求这样用

xinxinzai

lainemai 发表于 2014-10-12 19:29
主要还是独立主格的问题，因为一般独立主格的话都是两个不同的主语才会用独立主格的，要是主语相同，我觉 ...

恩恩~~~~