【Native Speaker每日综合训练—41系列】【41-11】科技 mHealth

cherry6891

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Part I: Speaker

Facebook Users Gird for Mobile Ads
Ads could hit Facebook mobile apps as soon as March. Will users mind on the small screen? Larry Greenemeier reports
Feb 9, 2012
Facebook's pages are packed with information—your news feed, info about who's online and advertisements that use personal information to deliver highly targeted sales pitches. Members accept these ads on a PC screen, but what about on smaller mobile devices?

About half of Facebook's 850 million members access the site via mobile gadgets. And the company admitted in its recent $5 billion initial public offering that it needs to make more money from mobile. That effort could come in the form of mobile ads starting as early as March, according to the Financial Times.

Details are scarce but you can already find similar ads alongside your news feed on Facebook's Web page. A mobile version might be embedded in your news feed. Or it could show up on its own page, and you would have to touch your phone's screen to get past it to your news feed.

Facebook will find out in a hurry whether its members mind the intrusion. Its service is already free—so it may not be easy to justify ads on the precious real estate of your phone's small screen.
source:
http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode/facebook-users-gird-for-mobile-ads-12-02-09/
[Rephrase 1  1'15'']

cherry6891

Part II: Speed

The Real Promise of Mobile Health Apps
Mobile devices have the potential to become powerful medical tools
Jul 1, 2012 |By Francis Collins
Time2
As a volunteer in a trial of mobile health technology, I can attest that it's incredibly cool to pick up your iPhone, fire up an application to monitor your heart rate and rhythm, and then beam your ECG reading to a cardiologist halfway around the globe. As a physician-scientist, I also know that cool technology is not necessarily synonymous with good science or sound health practices and that therein lies a challenge.

The use of cell phones and wireless sensors to gather and access health data has grown quickly in recent years. Popular mHealth apps are used for counting calories, gauging nutrition, tracking workouts, calculating body mass index and quitting smoking. These worthy efforts pale next to the potential of mHealth to aid in medical research and health care.

Mobile devices offer remarkably attractive low-cost, real-time ways to assess disease, movement, images, behavior, social interactions, environmental toxins, metabolites and a host of other physiological variables. Many mHealth technologies could be put to highly innovative uses in biomedical research; at the same time, biomedical research could help build the foundation of evidence that so many mHealth applications currently lack.

Because mobile devices are miniaturized and require little energy to operate, they have the power to bring the research laboratory to the patient in ways never before possible. For instance, clinical trial participants can avoid the inconvenience of visiting research facilities, writing down their daily activities or wearing clunky monitors. Scientists would also get higher-quality data because written diaries and questionnaires about exercise, diet, pain, and so forth, are notoriously unreliable. Real-time continuous biological, behavioral and environmental data can greatly improve understanding of the underlying cause of disease. Combining mHealth data with GPS data could also lead to early detection and warning systems for outbreaks of illnesses related to environmental exposures or infectious agents.

Wireless sensors could help scientists keep track of sleep patterns at home, instead of their having to rely on lab-based studies or self-reporting. Doctors could monitor blood pressure during daily activities, which is when it matters most, rather than in a clinic. Washable tattoos embedded with nanosensors could take blood glucose and sodium readings for transmission via a smartphone.[361 words]

Time3
To make all this happen, health researchers, technology developers and software designers must pull together to find ways of evaluating new technologies. The National Institutes of Health is working to build the interdisciplinary research capacity needed to establish an evidence base for the benefits and risks associated with mHealth technologies.

Maintaining privacy and security of health data is a challenge that calls for research. How do we protect trial participants and ordinary consumers without adversely affecting research and quality of care? Who will set rules for privacy of mHealth data? Who will provide protections if privacy is breached?

We must also learn how people are actually using mHealth in their everyday lives. I suspect that, right now, the majority of users are much like me, treating their new apps as gee-whiz toys rather than as valuable tools for improving their health. I am convinced, however, that the real potential of mHealth lies with much more committed users, such as the children with type 1 diabetes who took part in a yearlong, case-control study of wireless technologies to monitor and manage blood glucose levels. That study, published in Diabetes Care, showed that youngsters who used the automated system had significantly better glycemic control and diabetes self-management skills than those who did not. Now that's an mHealth moment worth getting excited about.[220 words]
source：
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/real-promise-mobile-health-apps/

Inside the Technology That Can Turn Your Smartphone into a Personal Doctor
The fantastic tricorder device that “Bones” used to scan aliens on “Star Trek” is nearly at hand—in your cellphone
By Ariel Sabar
Smithsonian Magazine | Subscribe
May 2014
Time4
Episode one of “Star Trek,” Stardate 1513.1. Chief medical officer Leonard “Bones” McCoy beams onto a desolate planet, M-113, with orders to perform a routine physical on Prof. Robert Crater, an ill-tempered archaeologist who wishes McCoy would just go away.
“Doubtless the good surgeon will enjoy prodding and poking us with his arcane machinery,” Crater snipes.
Think again, Crater: Prodding and poking is so last millennium.

Dr. McCoy packs a medical “tricorder.” Wand the body with this hand-held computer, and seconds later it coughs up the particulars of a patient’s condition.

“The machine is capable of almost anything,” McCoy says. As he sweeps the device across Crater’s chest and back, it purrs like a blissed-out electronic cat. In the 23rd century—as pictured by television writers in the late 1960s—that purr was a sign that a very sophisticated machine was working.

The tricorder-like devices in the UCLA engineering labs of Aydogan Ozcan don’t purr. Nor do they cause the shoulder strain of the cassette recorder-size clunkers of Trekkie lore. But in other respects, they’re the closest thing yet to the real McCoy.

Ozcan’s sleek gizmos, which fit onto the back of a smartphone, count thousands of red and white blood cells in seconds; screen urine for signs of kidney disease; spot viruses like HIV and influenza in a smear of blood; and test water for bacteria, parasites and toxic chemicals. Another phone attachment, the iTube, scanned for microscopic specks of allergy-causing peanut in what one of Ozcan’s journal articles last year described as “3 different kinds of Mrs. Fields Cookies.”

When I visited Ozcan on the UCLA campus, a dozen of the devices were arrayed like museum pieces in an illuminated glass display case in a corner of his laboratory. The ones in the original “Star Trek” series resembled antediluvian Walkmen. Ozcan’s devices are the size of a lipstick case or matchbox.

“This is honestly one of our first hacks,” he told me with a touch of nostalgia, pulling out a six-year-old Nokia phone that he’d somehow retooled into a lens-free digital microscope. He says “hack” because he takes technology already in our pockets—the smartphone, another gadget anticipated by “Star Trek’s” inaugural episode—and cheaply reworks it into lightweight, automated versions of the bulky instruments found in medical laboratories.

At the rate he’s going, Ozcan, who at 35 already holds the title of UCLA chancellor’s professor, may soon hack the whole clinical lab. He wants nothing less than to make it small and cheap enough—and so idiot- and klutz-proof—that we can carry it in our pocket like loose change.[433 words]
***
Time5
I’d visited Ozcan during a week in January when temperatures tripped into the 80s. So when one of his postdocs, Qingshan Wei, a 32-year-old with stylish clip-on shades, asked if I wanted to scope out the waves in Marina del Rey, I raised no objection.

Our “scope” was a Samsung Galaxy with an attachment that turned the phone’s camera into a mercury detection system. The toxic metal can build up in fish, and water tests can serve as an early warning system. “We want to detect mercury in water before it goes into the food chain,” Wei told me.

We splashed barefoot into shin-deep surf, and Wei pipetted seawater into a small plastic box on the back of the phone. Inside were a pair of LEDs that fired red and green beams of light through the water sample and onto the phone’s camera chip. An app scrutinized the subtle shifts in color intensity, and four seconds later, results flashed on the screen.

Two months earlier, mercury levels at this very spot had been worrisome. Today, the phone told us, the water was safe.

Similar tests performed by a full-scale environmental laboratory are very expensive, Wei told me. They also require schlepping the sample to the lab, for a complicated analysis called inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. “For this,” Wei said, nodding at the mercury tester, which cost $37 and was made by a 3-D printer, “we write a smart application. You just sample, click open the application, follow the instructions and click ‘analyze this.’”

The brains of the system are Ozcan’s algorithms, which turn the phone’s humdrum camera into a powerful optical instrument that sees what the eye can’t, then tells us how worried to be. His devices—because they piggyback on GPS-enabled smartphones—no sooner test a sample than they can send time- and location-stamped results to your doctor, an environmental agency or, say, Google Maps. Supply the technology to enough of the world’s three billion mobile subscribers, and you’ve got battalions of citizen scientists beaming up health and environmental data from across the globe in real time.

Ozcan’s software funnels the data into a continually updating map where epidemiologists, public health officials and your uncle Murray could follow the spread of a disease or chemical spill live, the way our smartphones already use our speed and location to crowd-source data for mobile traffic apps. Ozcan’s goal: to chart the world’s invisible threats—the pollutants in water, the allergens in food, the pathogens in air—as panoramically as traffic or weather.[421 words]
source:
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/inside-technology-can-turn-your-smartphone-personal-doctor-180951177/#FBCvAXKdTxIwFbT2.99

Will Any Health App Ever Really Succeed?
There are wildly successful apps for mapping, sending e-mail, and catapulting birds. Why aren’t there any for health care?
By Rachel Metz on September 24, 2013
Time6
Geoffrey Clapp thinks a mobile app can make health care better—so much so, in fact, that his upcoming app is called just that: Better.
The app is being tested at the Mayo Clinic, which is an investor in Clapp’s startup, and is slated to launch in October. It aims to let people use a smartphone to reach a doctor, find a diagnosis, or keep track of their medical records. Storing personal medical data and using health-tracking features will be free, but users will be charged monthly fees for instant access to nurses and health coaches.

Better, also the name of the company, is among a slew of health and fitness companies concentrating on the mobile Internet market. So far, however, health apps have failed to take off. To the disappointment of “e-health” advocates who hope to see such apps transform the medical landscape, the number of Americans using technology to track their health or fitness didn’t change between 2010 and early 2013, according to data from the Pew Internet & American Life Project.

Business models have been elusive, too. Google launched the Web application Google Health in 2008 as a way for people to corral their health records online, but it was not widely adopted, and it shut down last year. Patients battling health problems complain that phone app developers have yet to develop truly useful products.

One of Better’s basic goals is giving people easy access to their health records by smartphone, something that’s becoming possible as hospitals shift from paper to electronic records. Such information may be useful to have on hand not only when dealing with a serious disease but also at unexpected times, such as when an administrator asks for a child’s vaccination report on the first day of school. Clapp thinks easy and quick access to medical information will cut down on health-care costs by advising people, for instance, when a visit to the emergency room is called for or when seeing their regular doctor will suffice.  

Paul Limburg, a Mayo Clinic doctor who is working with Better, says the app addresses some patients’ complaints that health care is too confusing and sometimes hard to access. The Minnesota health center has already made more than 75 health-related apps available.[375 words]

[The remaining]
Better, which Clapp says will be available first on the iPhone, will include a version of Mayo’s online symptom checker, as well as access to location-based data like local pollen counts and lists of healthy restaurants in your area. The app will also give Mayo Clinic patients direct access to their health records. Because it supports other standards for transmitting patient data, such as Blue Button, it could work with other hospital systems as well.

To generate revenue, Clapp says, the app will offer access to paid services: customers may be able to push a button to speak by phone to a trained nurse, or get help coördinating tests and doctor appointments at the Mayo Clinic. Clapp wouldn’t disclose the pricing scheme, but he said an average customer might pay around $125 per month for what he called “medical concierge services.”

Laurence Baker, a professor of health research and policy at Stanford University, says that while there’s “tremendous potential” in organizing patient medical records, it may be difficult to get parties such as insurance companies, doctors, and hospitals to share the data, and to get patients to use and trust apps that include such information.

Clapp says that Better still needs to iron out some legal details to secure patient records electronically and ensure compliance with different states’ rules (for example, some states allow telemedicine across state lines only via videoconference, while others allow the practice over audio). But about 500 patients, doctors, and nurses are already testing the app, he says, using it to track pregnancy, diabetes, hypertension, or their children’s health.[263 words]
source:
http://www.technologyreview.com/news/518911/will-any-health-app-ever-really-succeed/

cherry6891

Part III: Obstacle

Mobile Health’s Growing Pains
Full of promise, mobile health still needs to wow patients and nail down its payoff.
By Nanette Byrnes on July 21, 2014
[Paraphrase 7]
Among technologists, mobile health is thriving. Since the start of 2013, more than $750 million in venture capital has been invested in companies that do everything from turn your smartphone into a blood pressure gauge to snapping medical–quality images of the inner ear. Apple, Qualcomm, Microsoft, and other corporate giants are creating mobile health products and investing in startups.

The idea is straightforward: the increasing number of smartphones means that small, inexpensive sensors, low-energy Bluetooth, and analytic software make it possible for patients and doctors to capture all kinds of data to improve care. Patients can play a more active role in their own health. Doctors and nurses can make house calls without ever leaving the office.

One crucial group, however, remains unsold: the patients. Though one in 10 Americans owns the type of tracking device made by Nike, Fitbit, and Jawbone to monitor steps taken, quality of sleep, or calorie intake, more than half of those devices are no longer in use, according to Endeavour Partners, a consulting firm.  Of the 100,000-plus mobile health applications available for smartphones, very few have been downloaded even 500 times. More than two-thirds of people who downloaded one have stopped using it, according to a 2012 study done for the global accounting firm PWC.

“There are unrealistic expectations for when and how mobile health is going to come together,” says Patty Mechael, former executive director of the mHealth Alliance, which helped develop early standards for mobile health technologies. In the U.S. “we are somewhere between the peak of the hype cycle and the trough of disillusionment,” she says.

Enthusiasm has been slow to build in part because the technology is often still not perfect, with seemingly simple functions like step counters lacking precision. Another problem is motivation. Many people simply don’t seem to like using these apps and devices. It is clear, though, that a well-designed mobile health system can help if patients use it.

At the Center for Connected Health at Partners HealthCare, a health-care network that includes Boston’s two leading hospitals, Brigham and Women’s and Massachusetts General, a number of mobile programs have been shown to offer strong payoffs both in quality and cost.

One recent study tested whether mobile phones could help increase activity among patients with diabetes. It’s an important way to combat the disease’s progression, but it’s something traditional programs have had little success achieving. Of a group of 130 patients with diabetes, half were given Fitbit activity monitors. By combining feedback from the Fitbit with existing patient records, an algorithm determined which text messages would be sent to the patients. Those falling behind on their goals got messages of encouragement; some messages included information about nearby Zumba classes or jogging paths, based on location data picked up from the patients’ mobile devices. On rainy days, the program might send a note about ways to exercise indoors.

Doctors received progress updates via a stoplight system displayed on the patient’s electronic medical record. Green meant the patient was doing well. Yellow was caution. Red signaled the patient was not responding to the text messages.

After six months, the average patient was walking about a mile farther each day. In addition, the patients’ blood sugar control improved significantly—better results than might be expected with some FDA-approved drugs, says Kamal Jethwani, a doctor who ran the study as the center’s leader of research and program evaluation.

For Partners, the program is successful on two counts: patients are healthier, and the cost of caring for them is lower. The payoff for better managing a chronic disease like diabetes comes over many years, but in Jethwani’s study, a number of patients have already had drops in blood sugar that equate to savings of $1,000 to $1,200 in doctor visits and other treatments. That’s a strong return on a program that costs $300 per patient to run, notes Jethwani.

These are the kinds of results that have enthusiasts convinced that mobile technology can not only fundamentally overhaul how health care is delivered, but also offer sufficient financial benefit to convince insurers and patients to pay for it.

John M. Halamka, a professor at Harvard Medical School and chief information officer of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, expects this kind of technology-enabled monitoring to become standard practice within the next few years. One sign that a heart patient may be about to have a problem is rapid weight gain, he notes. A smart scale that picks up on that could trigger a quick intervention from the doctor and avoid a visit to the ER.

At the University of California, San Francisco, which recently announced an initiative to begin testing the effectiveness of mobile devices in health care, one of the biggest technological achievements to date was simply starting to get doctors to move beyond pagers. Now doctors access patient messages via a mobile or Web application, and the message automatically becomes part of a conversation. Under the new system, the whole care team is aware of what is happening, and the doctor has the patient’s history available when fielding questions. A program is being tested that would take this to the next level, allowing care providers to send messages to patients.

Getting mobile health technology right can be tricky, however. Fitbit makes some of the most popular activity trackers, but in February the company voluntarily recalled its top-of-the-line $129 Fitbit Force after users complained of skin irritation from the wristband. More serious technological problems have sidelined devices aimed at difficult tasks like measuring blood glucose levels without drawing blood, a desirable feature for people with diabetes.

For all the challenges in mobile health, one issue that dominates many discussions about the technology may fade rather quickly. Privacy concerns have yet to come up in the Partners trial, says Jethwani. “I’ve never heard any patient say, ‘How do you know so much about me?’ or ‘Why do you know so much?’” he says. “Instead, they say ‘Now that you know all this about me, can you give me more useful information?’” [1007 words]
source:
http://www.technologyreview.com/news/529031/mobile-healths-growing-pains/

TINGYI-2014

Go back from a long holiday.
3' The Facebook will invest more on the mobile ads to increase the income. but the service is more freely. whether the effects will reach the goal?
2'21
1'13
2'31
04
1'51
1'33
1'04
4'18
The health apps on the smart phone  is leading to a big change both in the study of the disease and the treatment.

小蘑菇开始打怪

THX Cherry~ Have a nice dream
---------------

speaker:

users on mobile device

ads&feedback&news on mobile

outcome unknow

time7:

increasing focus

users are not satisfied with the performance

why fail

practice on patients and with doctors

other issues & challenges for doctors

mozhiwanjia

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Cassidy大洁洁

辛苦啦~(●'◡'●)ﾉ♥

9/9/2014
SPEAKER
gadget: a small mechanical device or tool
intrusion: an action of intruding (intruding: [intrude] enter with disruptive or adverse effect)

SPEED
Time 2 - 00:02:22
好像懂了又好像没懂
cell phone apps are applicable for health purpose.  便宜又即时。examples
mobile devices’use in biomedical research could be great. examples
生词:
attest: provide or serve as clear evidence
pale: seem less impressive or important
notoriously: famous or well known

Time 3 - 00:01:14
to make all possible, more effort is needed.
some challenge: privacy? quality? protection? how people use?
生词：
interdisciplinary: of or relating to more than one branch of knowledge
gee-whiz: characterized by or causing naive astonishment or wonder, in particular at new technology

Time 4 - 00:03:15
（ ＴДＴ）这是讲的啥！！
生词：
desolate: (of a place) deserted of people and in a state of bleak and dismal emptiness. [bleak: lacking vegetation and exposed to the elements]; [dismal: depressing]
prod: poke with a finger, foot or pointed object
tricorder: 这是啥
nostalgia: a sentimental longing or wistful affection for the past

Time 5 - 00:03:22
（ ＴДＴ）what!?
貌似描述了某个可以探测水银的手机功能，好使方便便宜
生词：
humdrum: lacking excitement or variety
piggyback on: use existing work or an existing product as a basis or support
battalion: a large, organized group of people pursuing a common aim or sharing a major undertaking

Time 6 - 00:02:05
Better aims to provide users with easy access to doctor, diagnosis, medical records, etc.
Many of health apps failed.
生词：
be slated: (verb) schedule, plan
a slew of: a large number or quantity of something
take off: become successful or popular
elusive: difficult to find, catch, or achieve

The remaining - 00:01:36
Better will be available on iPhone, allow access to local data.
average $125 per month for services such as speak with nurse or make appointments
challenge: difficult to get parties to share data
more effort needed

OBSTACLE
00:06:25
看了后面忘了前面。。⊙︿⊙
Many companies are trying to make mobile health products.
the idea
Many people have devices but few of them use those devices
problem: enthusiasm & motivation
Mobile programs, details
Two successes of the program: healthier patients, lower cost
challenges: technological problems
Concerns on privacy may fade
生词：
trough: a point of low activity, achievement, or satisfaction
disillusionment: a feeling of disappointment resulting from the discovery that something is not as good as one believed it to be

cherry6891

小蘑菇开始打怪 发表于 2014-9-10 00:03
THX Cherry~ Have a nice dream

Thx,I did have last night

41-11
Time2
Introduce the function of phone with body check apps and what u can do with it
Time3
Technology developer and software designer work together to  evaluate technology. But maintaining privacy and security problem of health data is a challenge.Mobile health technology will help people with diseases such as diabetes
Time4
The tricorder(手持分析仪）in the movie 'start terk' （星际迷航）come true in the lab of UCLA
It can count the blood cells, analysis the urine of sign of k disease and so on
Time5
Mercury test system which is a combination of test attachment with a phone can be used to check the water pollution.
Principal of machine:Several camera can keep record of eyes can not see and transfer date to lad
Ozcan's equipment can be used in epidemiologist and public official aspect
让我想起前不久李彦宏提出的百度筷子，应该挺有市场，期待
Time6
G look forward the better mobile health app in several aspect
Encourage more people to use and change the way they manage health
Better business model
Easier access to patients record
Better profits & iron out legal detail to get patient records

Obstacle
Mhealth market attract a lot of attention of venture capital and big company
However, the frequency of use mobile health equipment is less and less after several times according to the  experience of F
Mhealth really helped patients with diabetes to manage the blood sugar.
Even so many problem but the potential is tremendous

psychoarya

time2+time3 3:56

The author is both a volunteer in a trial of mobile health technology and a physician-scientist. He implies thai mobile health still needs to face up to a challenge.

Then the author lists some benefits of mobile health.

A successful mobile health needs the efforts of a lot of different professionals. They must pull together to create one.

two things need to do:

protect the privacy of the users;

study how people use mobile health, a study shows that mobile health is especially good for youngsters.

time4+time5 7:00

The author uses Star Trek as a introduction to the topic- the transition from smartphone to a personal doctor.

The author visited Ozcan who created a lot of devices. And he/she lists some functions of those devices.

a specific example: use an improved Samsung Galaxy to detect the degree of toxic chemical in water. the cost is greatly lower and more convenient than the traditional method.

The goal of Ozcan- to almost “detect” everything in the world.

time6+the rest 4:56

Better is a company who is trying to make a mobile health app. The app has a range of functions, such as keep up with medical records, find out the nearby healthy restaurants, and talk to a trained nurse, etc. To earn profit, Better creates some paid services.

However, other companies such as Google failed to run a health app successfully.

obstacle 7:00

A lot of money in venture has been invested in companies that create health apps.

the cruel reality faced by the apps

a program to see whether the combination of Fitbit and patients’ electronic records.

the result is positive. and other programs show that some patients’ blood pressure drop because of the health app.

many challenges in mobile health have been faded, but the problem about privacy popped up.

taohui2014

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