【4月18日语法题目】 绿皮100题

belinda_cao

1. Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, is finding uses in medicine, archaeology, and criminology.
(A) Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
(B) Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, having the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission
(C) A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it,
(D) A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray emission, which has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying it,
(E) A technique that was originally developed for detecting air pollutants and has the ability to analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance quickly and without destroying the substance, called proton-induced X-ray emission,

第一步：划线部分是整句，考察句子结构
第二步：主语是 a technique ，A 是大美句，看其他都有问题

2. Marconi's conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation: instead, it is precisely the opposite, a tool for communicating with a large, public audience.
(A) Marconi's conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is
(B) Marconi conceived of the radio as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, but which is
(C) Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone; instead, it has become
(D) Marconi conceived of the radio to be a tool for private conversation, a substitute for the telephone, which has become
(E) Marconi conceived of the radio to be a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, other than what it is,

第一步：划线部分在前面，长，考结构
第二步：观察选项开头，主语是 Marconil 还是 Marconil's conception .选conception 逻辑不对。排A
第三步：B当中 but which is 和前面的conversation 对不上，这种用法很奇怪
第四步：conceived of + as 不用 to be ，留C
IT的指代问题，最好留到最后排除，不要提前用，否则很容易出错。

3. Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

第一步：C和D之间的取舍，很容易选择D,因为看起来它是大美句。实质上，要看句子表达的意思，C明显要好一些 。D的coordinated 是指 illustrations

夹心修饰备注：
很多人对“夹心修饰”都有过一个误解，认为S, v-ing, V. + O.结构中，v-ing既可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V就是夹心，而实际上夹心并不是“可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V” 。在S, v-ing, V. + O.这样的表达中，v-ing约定俗成只伴随修饰动词，（重点！！）见下例：
The yield per acre of coffee berries varies enormously, because a single tree, depending on its size and on climate and altitude, is able to produce enough berries to make between one and twelve pounds of dried beans a year.
这个句子里depending不能改为dependent，因为depending和dependent的区别在于，前者伴随修饰谓语动词is able to produce，后者则是修饰名词single tree，会造成逻辑上不对 —— “一棵树依靠它的size”。

4. El Nino, the periodic abnormal warming of the sea surface off Peru, a phenomenon in which changes in the ocean and atmosphere combine allowing the warm water that has accumulated in the western Pacific to flow back to the east.
(A) a phenomenon in which changes in the ocean and atmosphere combine allowing the warm water that has accumulated
(B) a phenomenon where changes in the ocean and atmosphere are combining to allow the warm water that is accumulating
(C)  a phenomenon in which ocean and atmosphere changes combine and which allows the warm water that is accumulated
(D) is a phenomenon in which changes in the ocean and atmosphere combine to allow the warm water that has accumulated
(E) is a phenomenon where ocean and atmosphere changes are combining and allow the warm water accumulating

第一步：划线部分长在中间，考察结构和细节
第二步：看结构，缺谓语， 排ABC
第三步：DE比较D 好

5.Yellow jackets number among the 900 or so species of the world's social wasps, wasps living in a highly cooperative and organized society where thev consist almost entirely of females—the queen and her sterile female workers.
(A) wasps living in a highly cooperative and organized society where they consist almost entirely of
(B) wasps that live in a highly cooperative and organized society consisting almost entirely of
(C) which means they live in a highly cooperative and organized society, almost all
(D) which means that their society is highly cooperative, organized, and it is almost entirely
(E) living in a society that is highly cooperative, organized, and it consists of almost all

第一步：B 顺眼
第二步：which 指代错误 CD 排
第三步：and 并列不成立 ，E 排

6. As rainfall began to decrease in the Southwest about the middle of the twelfth century, most of the Monument Valley Anasazi abandoned their homes to join other clans whose access to water was less limited.
(A) whose access to water was less limited
(B) where there was access to water that was less limited
(C) where they had less limited water access
(D) with less limitations on water access
(E) having less limitations to water access

第一步: 考察指代问题
第二步：前面是clans ，排BC
第三步：A 顺眼 。DE limitations 应该用fewer

7.Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when thev do appear.
(A) Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.
(B) An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that worked well in the past, makes missing signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting ones likely when they do appear.
(C) An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action is likely to miss or misinterpret signs of incipient trouble when they do appear, especially if it has worked well in the past.
(D) Executives' being heavily committed to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes them likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting them when they do appear.
(E) Being heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that has worked well in the past, is likely to make an executive miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

第一步：划线部分是全句，考察句子结构。
第二步：观察5个选项开头，找主谓宾结构 留BC 排AD， E 要小心 being 放在开头很有可能是对的，不要轻易排
第三步：先从E看起，顺眼。
B ones 不可单独使用，错。C It 指代有问题

8.The stars, some of them at tremendous speeds, are in motion just as the planets are, yet being so far away from Earth that their apparent positions in the sky do not change enough for their movement to be observed during a single human lifetime.
(A) The stars, some of them at tremendous speeds, are in motion just as the planets are, yet being
(B) Like the planets, the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, but they are
(C) Although like the planets the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, yet
(D) As the planets, the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, but they are
(E) The stars are in motion like the planets, some of which at tremendous speeds are in motion but

第一步： 划线部分在前，且逗号多，考虑结构考点
第二步：看来B like感觉不错
第三步：although 和yet 二者选一 ，排C.   as 不比较主语，排D. E 很怪。

9. Even though Clovis points, spear points with longitudinal grooves chipped onto their faces, have been found all over North America, thev are named for the New Mexico site where thev were first discovered in 1932.
(A) Even though Clovis points, spear points with longitudinal grooves chipped onto their faces, have been found all over North America, they are named for the New Mexico site where they were first discovered in 1932.
(B) Although named for the New Mexico site where first discovered in 1932, Clovis points are spear points of longitudinal grooves chipped onto their faces and have been found all over North America.
(C) Named for the New Mexico site where they have been first discovered in 1932, Clovis points, spear points of longitudinal grooves chipped onto the faces, have been found all over North America.
(D) Spear points with longitudinal grooves that are chipped onto the faces, Clovis points, even though named for the New Mexico site where first discovered in 1932, but were found all over North America.
(E) While Clovis points are spear points whose faces have longitudinal grooves chipped into them, they have been found all over North America, and named for the New Mexico site where they have been first discovered in 1932.

第一步：结构
第二步：主谓宾,原文表述的是一个even though ，转折之意，没有转折的排除C
第三步：看原文转折的位置: spear points have been found all over  North America, but they are named for the new Mexico site
第四步：B 怪，D Even though 不能加句子 E 不顺

10. Unlike Schoenberg's 12-tone system that dominated the music of the postwar period, Bartok founded no school and left behind only a handful of disciples.
(A) Schoenberg's 12-tone system that dominated
(B) Schoenberg and his 12-tone system which dominated
(C) Schoenberg, whose 12-tone system dominated
(D) the 12-tone system of Schoenberg that has dominated
(E) Schoenberg and the 12-tone system, dominating

第一步：比较
第二步：主语留Scheoenberg，只能选C

11. One of the primary distinctions between our intelligence with that of other primates may lav not so much in any specific skill but in our ability to extend knowledge gained in one context to new and different ones.
(A) between our intelligence with that of other primates may lay not so much in any specific skill but
(B) between our intelligence with that of other primates may lie not so much in any specific skill but instead
(C) between our intelligence and that of other primates may lie not so much in any specific skill as
(D) our intelligence has from that of other primates may lie not in any specific skill as
(E) of our intelligence to that of other primates may lay not in any specific skill but

第一步：考察并列，C

12.The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them; the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are known as "standing waves."
(A) crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are
(B) crests and troughs that remain stationary although they are formed by rapidly moving air, are
(C) crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is
(D) stationary crests and troughs although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are
(E) stationary crests and troughs although they are formed by rapidly moving air, is

第一步:看结尾,考察主谓一致,排ABD
第二步:修饰位置 stationary 修饰的是trough 而不是 crest
引申点: C 中比较 crest and troughs  that remain stationary although the air that form them is moving rapidly .
E 没有这个机构. 同时DE的区分上,也体现了主动优先于被动

13. The recent surge in the number of airplane flights has clogged the nation's air-traffic control system, to lead to 55 percent more delays at airports, and prompts fears among some officials that safety is being compromised.
(A) to lead to 55 percent more delays at airports, and prompts
(B) leading to 55 percent more delay at airports and prompting
(C) to lead to a 55 percent increase in delay at airports and prompt
(D) to lead to an increase of 55 percent in delays at airports, and prompted
(E) leading to a 55 percent increase in delays at airports and prompting

第一步:划线部分在中间,考虑细节.
第二步: 选项开头,意识到考点 to do or doing,留leading delays
关于这个delays所引发的歧义：（Beat the GMAT）
55% more delay and 55 percent increase in delays both possess different meanings.
55% more delay means the increase in time a person has to spend on airport
55 percent increase in delays means the increase in number of flights that get delayed（it clearly brings in the quantitative number of flights into picture. ）

14. Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last because refiners are paving about S5 a barrel more for crude oil than thev were last year.
(A) Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel more for crude oil than they were
(B) Heating-oil prices are expected to rise higher this year over last because refiners pay about $5 a barrel for crude oil more than they did
(C) Expectations are for heating-oil prices to be higher this year than last year's because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel for crude oil more than they did
(D) It is the expectation that heating-oil prices will be higher for this year over last because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel more for crude oil now than what they were
(E) It is expected that heating-oil prices will rise higher this year than last year's because refiners pay about $5 a barrel for crude oil more than they did

第一步: 划线部分考察结构
第二步: 考两个比较结构 A SHUN
第三步:B  over 少见 C 比较对象变了 D over E  last year, 不是last year's

15. The energy source on Voyager 2 is not a nuclear reactor, in which atoms are actively broken apart; rather a kind of nuclear battery that uses natural radioactive decay to produce power.
(A) apart; rather
(B) apart, but rather
(C) apart, but rather that of
(D) apart, but that of
(E) apart; it is that of

第一步: is not a nuclear reactor but rather a kind of nuclear battery

16.  Nobody knows exactly how many languages there are in the world, partly because of the difficulty of distinguishing between a language and the sublanguages or dialects within it, but those who have tried to count typically have found about five thousand.
(A) and the sublanguages or dialects within it, but those who have tried to count typically have found
(B) and the sublanguages or dialects within them, with those who have tried counting typically finding
(C) and the sublanguages or dialects within it, but those who have tried counting it typically find
(D) or the sublanguages or dialects within them, but those who tried to count them typically found
(E) or the sublanguages or dialects within them, with those who have tried to count typically finding

第一步: 考察并列结构和 指代 看到前面有Between 后面一定用and, 排掉了DE,   or 的平行对象是sublanguages or dialects   (within it)! 逻辑上才顺畅

注意pronoun ambiguity是一个有效性错误，不到万不得已是不能作为绝对性错误的，只有逻辑上有歧义才能认为有歧义！

17.Although early soap operas were first aired on evening radio in the 1920s, they had moved to the daytime hours of the 1930s when the evening schedule became crowded with comedians and variety shows.
(A) were first aired on evening radio in the 1920s, they had moved to the daytime hours of the 1930s
(B) were first aired on evening radio in the 1920s, they were moved to the daytime hours in the 1930s
(C) were aired first on evening radio in the 1920s, moving to the daytime hours in the 1930s
(D) were aired first in the evening on 1920s radio, they moved to the daytime hours of the 1930s
(E) aired on evening radio first in the 1920s, they were moved to the 1930s in the daytime hours

第一步: 划线部分在中间,考虑细节
第二步:观察五个选项开头, were first aired on evening   were moved to the daytime hours B

18. Dirt roads may evoke the bucolic simplicity of another century, but financially strained townships point out that dirt roads cost twice as much as maintaining paved roads.
(A) dirt roads cost twice as much as maintaining paved roads
(B) dirt roads cost twice as much to maintain as paved roads do
(C) maintaining dirt roads costs twice as much as paved roads do
(D) maintaining dirt roads costs twice as much as it does for paved roads
(E) to maintain dirt roads costs twice as much as for paved roads

第一步: 考比较
第二步: B 完美比较

19.Thelonious Monk, who was a jazz pianist and composer, produced a body of work both rooted in the stride-piano tradition of Willie (The Lion) Smith and Duke Ellington, yet in many ways he stood apart from the mainstream jazz repertory.
(A) Thelonious Monk, who was a jazz pianist and composer, produced a body of work both rooted
(B) Thelonious Monk, the jazz pianist and composer, produced a body of work that was rooted both
(C) Jazz pianist and composer Thelonious Monk, who produced a body of work rooted
(D) Jazz pianist and composer Thelonious Monk produced a body of work that was rooted
(E) Jazz pianist and composer Thelonious Monk produced a body of work rooted both

第一步:划线部分在开头,逗号,结构
第二步:看开头,没问题;看结尾,that was rooted  C 无谓语动词 D

20. In an effort to reduce their inventories, Italian vinThers have cut prices; their wines have been priced to sell, and they are.
(A) have been priced to sell, and they are
(B) are priced to sell, and they have
(C) are priced to sell, and they do
(D) are being priced to sell, and have
(E) had been priced to sell, and they have

Do,did 比have好.C