4月7日逻辑题目---must be ture 题型

belinda_cao

10. Meteorite explosions in the Earth’s atmosphere as large as the one that destroyed forests in Siberia, with approximately the force of a twelve-megaton nuclear blast, occur about once a century. The response of highly automated systems controlled by complex computer programs to unexpected circumstances is unpredictable.

Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn, if the statements above are true, about a highly automated nuclear-missile defense system controlled by a complex computer program?

A. Within a century after its construction, the system would react inappropriately and might accidentally start a nuclear war.

B. The system would be destroyed if an explosion of a large meteorite occurred in the Earth’s atmosphere.

C. It would be impossible for the system to distinguish the explosion of a large meteorite from the explosion of a nuclear weapon.

D. Whether the system would respond inappropriately to the explosion of a large meteorite would depend on the location of the blast.

E. It is not certain what the system’s response to the explosion of a large meteorite would be, if its designers did not plan for such a contingency.

10.

If the defense system designers did not plan for the contingency of large meteorite explosions, such explosions would, from the system’s perspective, be unexpected. The system’s response to such explosions is consequently unpredictable. E expresses this inference and is thus the best answer.

A cannot be inferred since it is consistent with the stated information that no meteorite explosion will occur within a century. B cannot be inferred since there is no information to suggest that meteorite explosions in the atmosphere would destroy the system. C cannot be inferred since it is consistent with the stated information that an appropriately designed nuclear defense system might be able to distinguish nuclear from meteorite explosions. D cannot be inferred since there is no information to suggest that the location of blasts would determine the appropriateness of defense system’s response.

11. The fewer restrictions there are on the advertising of legal services, the more lawyers there are who advertise their services, and the lawyers who advertise a specific service usually charge less for that service than lawyers who do not advertise. Therefore, if the state removes any of its current restrictions, such as the one against advertisements that do not specify fee arrangements, overall consumer legal costs will be lower than if the state retains its current restrictions.

If the statements in the passage are true, which of the following must be true?

A. Some lawyers who now advertise will charge more for specific services if they do not have to specify fee arrangements in the advertisements.

B. More consumers will use legal services if there are fewer restrictions on the advertising of legal service.

C. If the restriction against advertisements that do not specify fee arrangements is removed, more lawyers will advertise their services.

D. If more lawyers advertise lower prices for specific services, some lawyers who do not advertise will also charge less than they currently charge for those services. C

E. If the only restrictions on the advertising of legal services were those that apply to every type of advertising, most lawyers would advertise their services.

11.

The supposition in c involves reducing by one the number of restrictions on the advertising of legal services. Any such reduction will, if the stated correlation exists, be accompanied by an increase in the number of lawyers advertising their services, as C predicts. Therefore, C is the best answer.

A does not follow from the stated information since it is still possible that no lawyers would raise their fees. B does not follow from the stated information since it is still possible that there would be no increase in the number of consumers using legal services. D does not follow the stated information since it is still possible that none of the lawyers who do not advertise would decide to lower their prices. E does not follow the stated information since it is still possible that few lawyers would advertise their legal services.

15. The cost of producing radios in Country Q is ten percent less than the cost of producing radios in Country Y. Even after transportation fees and tariff charges are added, it is still cheaper for a company to import radios from Country Q to Country Y than to produce radios in Country Y.

The statements above, if true, best support which of the following assertions?

A. labor costs in Country Q are ten percent below those in Country Y.

B. importing radios from Country Q to Country Y will eliminate ten percent of the manufacturing jobs in Country Y.

C. the tariff on a radio imported from Country Q to Country Y is less than ten percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in Country Y.

D. the fee for transporting a radio from Country Q to Country Y is more than ten percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in Country Q. C

E. it takes ten percent less time to manufacture a radios in Country Q than it does in Country Y.

15.

If the tariff on importing radios from Country Q to Country Y were as high as ten percent or more of the cost of producing radios in Y, then, contrary to what the passage says, the cost of importing radios from Q to Y would be equal to or more than the cost of producing radios in Y. thus, the tariff cannot be that high, and C is the best answer.

A and E give possible partial explanations for the cost difference, but neither is supported by the passage because the cost advantage in Q might be attributable to other factors. B and D are both consistent with the information in the passage, but the passage provides no evidence to support them.

20. Increase in the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the human bloodstream lower

bloodstream-cholesterol levels by increasing the body’s capacity to rid itself of excess cholesterol. Levels of HDL in the bloodstream of some individuals are significantly increased by a program of regular exercise and weight reduction.

Which of the following can be correctly inferred from the statements above?

A. Individuals who are underweight do not run any risk of developing high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream.

B. Individuals who do not exercise regularly have a high risk of developing high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream late in life.

C. Exercise and weight reduction are the most effective methods of lowering bloodstream cholesterol levels in humans.

D. A program of regular exercise and weight reduction lowers cholesterol levels in the bloodstream of some individuals. D

E. Only regular exercise is necessary to decrease cholesterol levels in the bloodstream of individuals of average weight.

20.

If increased HDL levels cause reduced cholesterol levels and if a certain program increases HDL levels in some individuals, it follows that some individuals who undertake that program achieve reduced cholesterol levels. D is thus correctly inferable and the best answer.

A cannot be correctly inferred because the statements do not establish any connection between being underweight and levels of cholesterol. Neither of B and E is inferable, since there is no indication that exercise alone is either necessary or sufficient to increase HDL levels or to decrease cholesterol levels. C is inappropriate because other methods of cholesterol reduction are not addressed.