To be informed is to know simply that something is the case. To be enlightened is to know, in addition, what it is all about: why it is the case, what its connections are with other facts, in what respects it is the same, in what respects it is different, and so forth.
This distinction is familiar in terms of the differences between being able to remember something and being able to explain it. if you remember what an author says, you have learned something from reading him. If what he says is true, you have even learned something about the world. But whether it is a fact about the book or a fact about the world that you have learned, you have gained nothing but information if you have exercised only your memory. You have not been enlightened. Enlightenment is achieved only when, in addition to knowing what an author says, you know what he means and why he says it.
最后,用一句话结束今天(20130908)的更新: There have always been literate ignoramuses who have read too widely and not well.
嗯,总之呢,Analytical Thinking再怎么强调也不为过。作者说,阅读一本书就像探索自然,你投入越多、思索越多,它给你的回馈就越多。
(XD想做一张表发现自己不会……今天在双专课上Prep发现会展管理的一个妹纸英语很好,本来就鸭梨山大了 TAT)
阅读的层次
The 1st Level: 初级阅读 Elementary Reading/ Rudimentary Reading/ Basic Reading。这个阅读障碍我们大多数人在小学毕业就解决了,就是识字读句子。
但!英语是我们的二外,就读英文而言,我们要达到不被生词阻碍阅读(不是说每个词都会了,而是生词都是不重要的词,查与不查不影响理解的这种情况)、能正确理解句子结构和语法现象等等。所以,还在纠结GMAT词汇等等要不要背的筒子,果断背啊(背也要讲方法,但不是这里的重点,我就不说了),不然我们没法Move On呐~~
评价标准:如果能回答 "What does the sentence say" 就过关,撒花~~~
The 2nd Level: 检视阅读 Inspectional Reading /Skimming/ Pre-reading。XD纠结了很久这个词要怎么翻,最后想起好盆友有道~~咩~。
It is characterized by its special emphasis on time. 听起来是不是很熟悉?这就是考试的重点。大家可以从这个层次的阅读要回答的问题入手就能更好地体会XD这句话了。
评价标准:(Surface问题)"What is the book/ passage/ paragraph about?"(更高层级的问题) "What is the structure of the book?" "what are its parts?"
XD插话一句,这句话让XD想起CR Bible对问题的归类,也是由具体的Must be True\ Strengthen\ Weaken问题慢慢展开到Structure\ Craft\ Analogy 问题的,这和上面那两个问题由同工异曲之妙吧,哈哈~
The 3rd Level: 分析阅读 Analytical Reading。这个阶段的读者会把书本的知识内化成自己的知识。Digest A Book!
The 4th Level: 主题阅读 Syntopical Reading/ Comparative Reading。主题阅读有两个名字,XD觉得从中文的角度理解,两个词恰好告诉我们这最高层次的阅读要做到什么。1、Syntopical Reading,这是从内容上解构主题阅读的,很高兴这点在CD上很容易实现,因为【阅读小分队】的材料已经构成了“阅读同一主题的相关文献”这样一个大前提;2、Comparative Reading,这是从阅读者的角度出发说的。
如果说Syn-强调的是相同,那么Comparative强调的则是不同。作为读者,我们要不断思考、比较、内化知识,要
融会贯通最后得出自己的阅读结论。
最后,总结一下,
阅读层级是Accumulated的。当我们走过Level 1,并不意味着我们就能放掉Level 1了,而是要同时完成Level 1+2 。以此类推,到了主题阅读阶段,NN们在做的事儿不是Level 4里形容的事,而是Level 1+2+3+4的事儿simultaneously发生了!!XD说完这句话,就强烈地明白了在RC上自己和NN的差距 TAT 嗯,革命尚未成功,同志仍需努力,咩~~~~~~~~
在我们Move On之前XD稍稍联系下自己昨天说的内容——
读不懂时不要马上找老师、高人或者参考书,现在大家大概明白是为什么了。主题阅读非常非常难,如果习惯了找人,不逼自己去Analytical Thinking,去Comparative Reading,那我们便永远止步在说得清道得明的阅读材料上了。当然,师傅领进门也未尝不可,表太过依赖您的师傅就是,After All,人总是学会独立飞行滴~~咩。
最后,XD想送一个大家可能已经很熟悉的句子给大家结束今天(20130909)的更新,是
Francis Bacon的句子,祝愿大家找到一个能Enlighten、Excite、Thrill 自己的书(XD其实也刚找到不久,嘻嘻。XD觉得,遇到对的人、对的事,它能带来的正能量和改变真的是不可限量的。)
Some Book are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.
(未完待续)