【各路牛牛请进】现在分词和定语从句修饰名词时到底有何区别？

qiaowin88637

BAT斑竹说过：
限制性修饰VS 【无逗号V-ing定语结构】：                                      
A)前者如若有情态动词不可换成后者；                                                
B)如果修饰句和主句想表达与主句时态不一样的情况，用前者。                    
C)在法规后一般用后者，强调多次重复性的感觉。

但127题的笔记上答案就无法对应
127.    (31278-!-item-!-188;#058&004418)

After decreasing steadily in the mid-1990's, the percentage of students in the United States finishing high school or having earned equivalency diplomas increased in the last three years of the decade, up to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and 84.8 percent in 1998.

(A) finishing high school or having earned equivalency diplomas increased in the last three years of the decade, up to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and
(B) finishing high school or earning equivalency diplomas, increasing in the last three years of the decade, rising to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and from
(C) having finished high school or earning an equivalency diploma increased in the last three years of the decade, and rose to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and from
(D) who either finished high school or they earned an equivalency diploma, increasing in the last three years of the decade, rose to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and
(E) who finished high school or earned equivalency diplomas increased in the last three years of the decade, to 86.5 percent in 2000 from 85.9 percent in 1999 and
OA: E
笔记上说finishing是瞬间动词，如果用ing形式则表示持续，而这里应该表短暂。可是根据原则，这里finish的时态和主句increased是一致的啊。

可是在没有时态改变，没有情态动词、没有法律法规的情况下，为什么AB的finishing是错的呢？或者，在此处实际上两者是通用的，AB错误是其他问题，笔记的解释有误？


十分困惑现在分词和定语从句修饰名词的区别。

还有这道题
28. (25890-!-item-!-188;#058&002817)

In 1997, despite an economy that marked its sixth full year of uninterrupted expansion with the
lowest jobless rate in a quarter century, the number of United States citizens declaring themselves bankrupt has jumped by almost 20 percent, at 1.34 million.
(B) declaring themselves bankrupt jumped by almost 20 percent, to
(D) who declared themselves bankrupt jumped almost by 20 percent, at

OA:B
忽略to at的差别
D的who declared真的有错吗？

为什么同样是瞬间动词，declaring在这里就可以用呢？？？？？？？？？？？？？

而且笔记里也说过：“有些动词（表示状态或感觉的词，或者表示极短暂的动作）一般不用现在进行时，比如：declare, recognize等，continue是表示状态的动词，不用现在进行时态。 ”     B答案真的正确？

这两种修饰方法，到底什么时候可以通用？什么时候有区别呢？

感谢解答！！

qiaowin88637

qiaowin88637

qiaowin88637

qiaowin88637

芝麻来人呀

qiaowin88637

sunny803

个人觉得BAT说的那几条是绝对原则。在没有这几个条件来判断的情况下，定语从句修饰还是现在分词修饰一定不是判断错误选项的关键。

127题我觉得用现在分词修饰也是可行的，但A中having earned equivalency diplomas一定是不可以做定语修饰名词的, 此外increased...up to，up也多余。B中的现在分词修饰没有问题，关键错误在于整个句子缺少谓语动词，此外重复罗嗦。

28题的B、D现在分词和定语从句修饰都没有问题。D中关键的错误在于at以及almost的位置错。（可我怎么记得D选项好像不是这样的呀？难道LZ抄错了？）

总之，我觉得瞬间单词和持续性动词的界定也非常不明确，所以最好不要用这条来判错。

yakev6

个人感觉：
1.ving表示连续反复发生的动作，
2.ving表示the subject is involved in the action（ving）

用定语从句的话主要表示的是一个状态。

1547193354

第一道题ab现在分词修饰对象歧义
第二道题表达与主句时态相同

billxxyy

http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/in-1997-despite-an-economy-that-marked-its-sixth-full-year-t702.html

to 和at的差别不能忽略，解题的关键。