大全908 介短修主还是谓

JerryGuan

908.                             Upset by the recent downturn in production numbers during the first half of the year,    the board of directors, at its quarterly meeting, raised the possibility of adding worker incentives

这是E答安的样子。

但我所划线的部分，我不明白； 介词短语, at its quarterly meeting,修饰主语还是谓语；为什么要用逗号呢？

dreadpower

    是插入语吧，补充说明，状语作用

JerryGuan

那么，可否改为：


1） Upset by the recent downturn in production numbers during the first half of the year, at its quarterly meeting,    the board of directors raised the possibility of adding worker incentives.


2)                 Upset by the recent downturn in production numbers during the first half of the year,    the board of directors raised, at its quarterly meeting, the possibility of adding worker incentives.


3)                     Upset by the recent downturn in production numbers during the first half of the year,    the board of directors raised the possibility of adding worker incentives, at its quarterly meeting.

dreadpower

     呵呵，JerryGuan的问题好难啊，我都不敢献丑了，个人感觉，若有错误，请指正讨论：


第一种改法感觉不好，Upset by 修饰the board ，后面再接at its quarterly meeting作状语，结构似乎过于凌乱了


    第2种改法勉强可以接受，但是肯定不如原句好，raised the possibility是一个意群，被割裂了


第3种改法也不好，这样改at its quarterly meeting就是状语，修饰句子。但是这种地点状语一般应该在句子开头交代的，很少见放在后面

JerryGuan

明白了，更清晰了。


特别是又增加了一个“意群”知识，吼吼~~

dreadpower

     呵呵，那是我胡诌的， JerryGuan 切莫当真。


     只是觉得那样割裂很不习惯，原句在主胃之间割裂，似乎读的很舒服


    

JerryGuan

第一种改法：会造成at 短语修前upset作状，或后board作定语；有岐义。

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以下引用    lyricling    的总结

    

第二部分　修饰语位置

(1) 修饰语位置应尽量遵循“紧接被修饰成分”的原则。

    避免歧义：如介词短语作状语，应尽量放在修饰谓语或全句的位置，不要与做定语的位置混淆；

    

三．介词短语：介词短语应紧跟被修饰对象

在GMAT语法中，对于介词短语的考点主要就是介词短语的位置，介词短语的位置不同，其修饰对象也不同，其作状语或定语的语法功能也不同。

1）位于句首，修饰主语或作全句状语；

2）位于句尾或句中，则要看它前面的词是名词还是谓语，是名词则优先作定语，是谓语则优先作状语。作状语时，介词短语的位置一定要离谓语比较近，具体情况还要根据逻辑意思分析。

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例题：补充材料144

The Forbidden City in Beijing, from which the emperors ruled by heavenly mandate, was a site which a commoner or foreigner could not enter without any permission, on pain of death.

(C) which no commoner or foreigner could enter without permission,

(D) which, without permission, neither commoner or foreigner could only enter,

“without+名词”这一介词短语紧跟谓语，则作状语表条件（意为“如果没有”），修饰谓语。

    

例题：（来源　Kaplan语法小测验）

2. The principal has sought approval for her plan to grant promotions to only those seven-grade students proficient in reading without meeting with opposition.

(C)     reading, without the opposition of others

(D) reading, and has not met with opposition

“without＋the opposition of others” 短语如果作状语，远离所要修饰的谓语，作状语或作定语作用不明，不好。

    

补充材料124　Alaska regularly deposits some of its profits from the sale of oil into a special fund, with the intention to sustain the state’s economy after the exhaustion of its oil reserves.

(A) fund, with the intention to sustain the state’s economy after the exhaustion of its oil reserves.

(C) fund intended to sustain the state’s economy after oil reserves are exhausted.

    

补充材料136　The labor agreement permits staff reductions through attrition with increased pension benefits and a special early-retirement program for speeding it up.

(A) attrition with increased pension benefits and a special early-retirement program for speeding it up.

(B) attrition and provides increased pension benefits and a special early-retirement program to speed the attrition process.

    

这类题在真题中的例题很多，如果发现介词短语所修饰的对象不合理，则应该改变介词短语的位置。

补充材料：35，46，112

    

注：此处的补充材料是指XDF提供给学员的本本，偶有一本。

dreadpower

     谢谢JerryGuan的总结！！

JerryGuan

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=23&ID=38595&page=1


第六楼的 tianwan 说得太好了。