揽瓜阁逻辑做题小分队 第104天

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Ordinarily, when purchasable supplies of some routinely bought commodity decrease, the commodity’s price increases, causing the rate at which most consumers purchase to fall. Yet, immediately after purchasable supplies of oil in a certain country recently began to fall, the rate at which most consumers in the country purchased oil rose dramatically.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy above?
A. After purchasable supplies of oil in the country began to fall, some consumer began to purchase oil at a lower rate than they had done before.
B. Only a small fraction of the purchasable supply of oil in the country is imported from other countries.
C. After purchasable supplies of oil in the country began to fall, the government began to release to consumers oil from its reserves.
D. After purchasable supplies of oil in the country began to fall, most consumer, for whom oil is a necessity, sought to buy as much oil as they could in anticipation of steep increases in its price.
E. After purchasable supplies of oil in the country began to fall, many consumers sought less expensive ways to meet the needs previously met by oil.


Newspaper editorial: A surprising study by the World Health Organization found that chronic exposure to excessive noise may cause or exacerbate serious health problems such as stroke and heart disease. This study will produce health benefits for our city, for it will inevitably lead to pressure on our local politicians, who will respond by passing stricter noise ordinances.
The editorial's reasoning relies on which of the following assumptions?
A. The most effective way to reduce the public's exposure to excessive noise is through stricter noise ordinances.
B. Stricter noise ordinances will lessen the amount of excessive noise people would otherwise be exposed to.
C. Rates of heart disease and stroke tend to be highest in areas where excessive noise is great.
D. Local politicians who help pass stricter noise ordinances will do so primarily to improve the health of their constituents.
E. The newspaper's city currently has less strict noise ordinances than do many other cities of comparable size.





参考答案：
DB

Conlinsanta

Mark一下！               

Nigia

看一下！               

CaryX

Mark一下！               

Caliber49

mark

zyycn

1、油供应下降（价格将上升），人们购买频率激增。
问explain
思考：因果论证，他因解释反果。

A：一些消费者购买频率降低。反驳前提，且一些不能代表大部分。
B：很小一部分油是进口的。无关。
C：政府从储备中拿油出来。供应还是减少，无法解释。
D：人们预测油价要涨，且油是必需品，所以提前低价多买点。正确，他因解释。
E：人们开始找其他替代油的东西。方向反，更无法解释。

选D

2、研究会促使政府发布更严格的噪音条例，所以会改善居民健康。
问assumption
思考：因果论证，考虑搭桥或排除他因削弱。

A：最有效减少居民暴露噪音的方法就是发布严格噪音条例。不一定要最有效，有效就行。
B：更严格的噪音条例会减少居民暴露的噪音。正确，搭桥。
C：噪音最大的地方，发病率最高。不一定要最高。
D：政府这么做的原因是为了选民的健康。无关。
E：这个城市的噪音条例比其他城市弱。无关。

选B

AliceJQC

Ordinarily, when purchasable supplies of some routinely bought commodity decrease, the commodity’s price increases, causing the rate at which most consumers purchase to fall. Yet, immediately after purchasable supplies of oil in a certain country recently began to fall, the rate at which most consumers in the country purchased oil rose dramatically.正常情况下，可购买商品数量减少时，价格就是上升，导致购买率下降。但是在某国石油的可购买数量下降后，购买率却急剧上升。解释差异原因
Which of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy above?
A. After purchasable supplies of oil in the country began to fall, some consumer began to purchase oil at a lower rate than they had done before.  题目说购买率上升了，选项说比之前买的少，相悖，且只有一些顾客也不能说明问题。
B. Only a small fraction of the purchasable supply of oil in the country is imported from other countries. 一小部分可购买的石头是别国进口的。跟石油哪里来的无关
C. After purchasable supplies of oil in the country began to fall, the government began to release to consumers oil from its reserves.  当可购买数量减少时，政府释放了一部分石油恢复市场，恢复市场也只能抵消购买率下降，最多没变化，不能解释急剧上升
D. After purchasable supplies of oil in the country began to fall, most consumer, for whom oil is a necessity, sought to buy as much oil as they could in anticipation of steep increases in its price.  当可购买石油数量下降时，大多数顾客对于他们来说石油时必需品，在预期价格会升高之前尽可能多买，正确
E. After purchasable supplies of oil in the country began to fall, many consumers sought less expensive ways to meet the needs previously met by oil.
找石油替代品与题目无关

Newspaper editorial: A surprising study by the World Health Organization found that chronic exposure to excessive noise may cause or exacerbate serious health problems such as stroke and heart disease. This study will produce health benefits for our city, for it will inevitably lead to pressure on our local politicians, who will respond by passing stricter noise ordinances.
报纸编辑：暴露在噪音里会导致健康问题比如中风和心脏病。这个研究会对我们城市的健康有好处，因为它会对当地政客施压，政客会通过更严格的限制噪音条例。
The editorial's reasoning relies on which of the following assumptions?   
A. The most effective way to reduce the public's exposure to excessive noise is through stricter noise ordinances.  是不是最有效的方法无关
B. Stricter noise ordinances will lessen the amount of excessive noise people would otherwise be exposed to.   取反：更严格的噪音条例不会减少人们本来就承受的过量噪音，那结论对健康有好处就不成立了，正确
C. Rates of heart disease and stroke tend to be highest in areas where excessive noise is great.  取反：疾病在过量噪音的地方不是最高的，是不是最高都不影响结论
D. Local politicians who help pass stricter noise ordinances will do so primarily to improve the health of their constituents.    政客是否优先解决健康问题无关
E. The newspaper's city currently has less strict noise ordinances than do many other cities of comparable size.  现在有没有相比其他城市严格的噪音条例，不需要对比，无关



D B