请教TTGWD4-Q1

connie4895

Q16: TTGWD4-Q1:

The Acoma and Hopi are probably the two oldest surviving Pueblo communities, both dating back at least a thousand years.

                              

1. both dating
                   

2. both of which have dated 
3. and each has dated
                   

4. and each one dating

5. each one of which date

这里很容易可以排除B, D, E

主要是在A和C之间挣扎

我选C，可答案是A

后面发现C是有些问题的，each的指称对象似乎不清楚，有可能是communities, 也有可能是主语，再来就是时态，and连接时，现在完成式似乎要放在前面，而现在式放在后面，不知我的分析是否正确，请教nn??

A中both当代名词的状况在AT中似乎非常少出现，不过both在指代方面的确没有岐义。

aeoluseros

我觉得each倒是没什么问题，并列句优先指代另一个句子主语(The Acoma and Hopi中的一个)，不过现在完成时是错的...date back的意思是“belong to an earlier time”的意思，属于过去就是属于过去了，与完成时搭配逻辑不合理。

belong to an earlier time："This story dates back 200 years"

connie4895

嗯嗯....同意上面二位，想想也对...语法果然是考逻辑的....谢谢啰!

dreamlu

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斯咏

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sunyunyun

ryanrui

我到觉得C的问题出在and上，老prep上说，前面复数名词，后面直接加each，即：n（plural），each。。

gmat928

我从三个方面考虑这个题：

1、逻辑意思
这道题如果改成这样就好理解了。
The Xia(夏) and Shang(商) are the two oldest China dynasties, both dating back at least three thousand years.
从逻辑意思上，后面的内容一定是进一步说明Xia(夏) and Shang(商)，不可能说明China dynasties，因为不一定所有的China dynasties都超过three thousand years。
同理，at least a thousand years不可能指所有的surviving Pueblo communities，所以逗号后面以communities为逻辑主语的选项即BE可以排除。

2、of which的指代
1.    The Emperor Augustus, it appears, commissioned an idealized sculpture portrait, the features of which (the portrait) are so unrealistic as to constitute what one scholar calls an "artificial face."
2.    In her later poems, Phyllis Wheatley's blending of solar imagery, Judeo-Christian thought and figures, and images borrowed from ancient classicism suggests her range and depth of influences, not the least of which (influences) is her African heritage.
3.    Taste buds are onion-shaped structures with between 50 and 100 taste cells, each of which (cells) has fingerlike projections poking through the opening, called the taste pore, located at the top of the taste bud.
4.    India is a country with at least fifty major regional languages, fourteen of which (languages) are officially recognized. (B-p84-19)
5.    The Madagascar periwinkle, a derivative of which (periwinkle) has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients is cultivated in China as part of a program to integrate traditional herbal medicine into a contemporary system of health care. (A-P1-191)
Of which指代前面临近的名词，本题BC中的of which都只能指代Pueblo communities，逻辑意思不合理。

3、date的用法
Sth. date from… 始于
The concept of the grand jury dates from the twelfth -century, when Henry II of England ordered panels of common citizens to prepare lists of suspected criminals in their communities

Archaeologists in Ireland believe that a recently discovered chalice, which dates from the eighth century, was probably buried to keep it from being stolen by invaders

Many of the earliest known images of Hindu deities in India date from the time of the Kushan Empire and were fashioned either from the spotted sandstone of Mathura or from Gandharan grey schist（不同时态的动词是可以平行并列的）

Sth. be dated at…鉴定年代
Fossils of the arm of a sloth, found in Puerto Rico in 1991, have been dated at 34 million years old, making the sloth the earliest known mammal on the Greater Antilles Islands.

Rock samples taken from the remains of an asteroid about twice the size of the 6-mile-wide asteroid that eradicated the dinosaurs have been dated at 3.47 billion years old and thus are evidence of the earliest known asteroid impact on Earth.
鉴定年代要用被动，因为被鉴定的事物不能自己鉴定自己的年代
BCE中date都是主动，排除。

所以
A独立主格“名词+doing”没有问题。
B中which指代communities，date应该是被动，排除。
C中date应该是被动，排除。
D中“逗号+and连词”后面不是完整句子，排除。
E中which指代communities，date应该是被动，排除。